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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">transplantologiya</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Трансплантология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Transplantologiya. The Russian Journal of Transplantation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-0506</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-0909</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IPO Association of Transplantologists</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23873/2074-0506-2025-17-3-232-245</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">transplantologiya-1029</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ ТРАНСПЛАНТОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ACTUAL ISSUES OF TRANSPLANTATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Применение мезенхимальных стволовых клеток при трансплантации печени: оценка отдаленных результатов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Mesenchymal stem cells in liver transplantation: аssessment of long-term results</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8536-6911</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коротков</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Korotkov</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Владимирович Коротков - доц., канд. мед. наук, заведующий отделом трансплантологии</p><p>220045, Минск, ул. Семашко, д. 8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey V. Korotkov - Assoc. Prof., Cand. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Transplantology Department</p><p>8 Semashko St., Minsk 220045</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">skorotkov@tut.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7147-4834</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Назарова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nazarova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Екатерина Александровна Назарова - доц., канд. биол. наук, врач клинической лабораторной диагностики лаборатории клеточных биотехнологий</p><p>220045, Минск, ул. Семашко, д. 8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina A. Nazarova - Assoc. Prof., Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Doctor of Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory of the Laboratory for Cell Biotechnology</p><p>8 Semashko St., Minsk 220045</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">k.nazarova-86@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0966-7456</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юркина</surname><given-names>Е. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yurkina</surname><given-names>E. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Екатерина Геннадьевна Юркина - врач клинической лабораторной диагностики лаборатории клеточных биотехнологий</p><p>220045, Минск, ул. Семашко, д. 8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina G. Yurkina - Doctor of Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory of the Laboratory for Cell Biotechnology</p><p>8 Semashko St., Minsk 220045</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ekatherina999@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5947-8285</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смольникова</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smolnikova</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Виктория Владимировна Смольникова - канд. биол. наук, ведущий научный сотрудник научного отдела</p><p>220045, Минск, ул. Семашко, д. 8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Victoria V. Smolnikova - Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Leading Researcher of the Scientific Department</p><p>8 Semashko St., Minsk 220045</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vsmolnikova2603@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4505-4884</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гриневич</surname><given-names>В. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grinevich</surname><given-names>V. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Виктория Юрьевна Гриневич - заведующая клинико-диагностической лабораторией службы трансплантации костного мозга</p><p>220045, Минск, ул. Семашко, д. 8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Victoria Yu. Grinevich - Head of the Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory of the Bone Marrow Transplant Service</p><p>8 Semashko St., Minsk 220045</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">grinevich.viktorija@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1174-4179</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Янушевская</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yanushevskaya</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Екатерина Андреевна Янушевская - врач клинической лабораторной диагностики лаборатории HLA-nипирования</p><p>220045, Минск, ул. Семашко, д. 8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina A. Yanushevskaya - Doctor of Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory of the HLA-typing Laboratory</p><p>8 Semashko St., Minsk 220045</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">9gkbhla@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5040-9768</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Старцева</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Startseva</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анна Юрьевна Старцева - заведующий лабораторией HLA-типирования</p><p>220045, Минск, ул. Семашко, д. 8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna Yu. Startseva - Head of the HLA-typing Laboratory</p><p>8 Semashko St., Minsk 220045</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">9gkbhla@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0569-6150</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щерба</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shcherba</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексей Евгеньевич Щерба - проф., д-р мед. наук, заместитель директора по хирургии</p><p>220045, Минск, ул. Семашко, д. 8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksey E. Shcherba - Prof., Dr. Sci. (Med.), Deputy Director for Surgery</p><p>8 Semashko St., Minsk 220045</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aleina@tut.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6813-4465</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кривенко</surname><given-names>С. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krivenko</surname><given-names>S. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Светлана Ивановна Кривенко - проф., д-р мед. наук, заместитель директора по науке</p><p>220045, Минск, ул. Семашко, д. 8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana I. Krivenko - Prof., Dr. Sci. (Med.), Deputy Director for Research</p><p>8 Semashko St., Minsk 220045</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">svtl_kr@tut.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7023-4767</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Руммо</surname><given-names>О. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rummo</surname><given-names>O. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Олег Олегович Руммо - акад. НАН РБ, проф., д-р мед. наук, директор ГУ «МНПЦ хирургии, трансплантологии и гематологии»</p><p>220045, Минск, ул. Семашко, д. 8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oleg O. Rummo - Academician of the National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Belarus, Prof., Dr. Sci. (Med.), Director of Minsk Scientific and Practical Center of Surgery, Transplantation and Hematology</p><p>8 Semashko St., Minsk 220045</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olegrumm@tut.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГУ «МНПЦ хирургии, трансплантологии и гематологии»</institution><country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Minsk Scientific and Practical Center of Surgery, Transplantation and Hematology</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>232</fpage><lpage>245</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Коротков С.В., Назарова Е.А., Юркина Е.Г., Смольникова В.В., Гриневич В.Ю., Янушевская Е.А., Старцева А.Ю., Щерба А.Е., Кривенко С.И., Руммо О.О., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Коротков С.В., Назарова Е.А., Юркина Е.Г., Смольникова В.В., Гриневич В.Ю., Янушевская Е.А., Старцева А.Ю., Щерба А.Е., Кривенко С.И., Руммо О.О.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Korotkov S.V., Nazarova E.A., Yurkina E.G., Smolnikova V.V., Grinevich V.Y., Yanushevskaya E.A., Startseva A.Y., Shcherba A.E., Krivenko S.I., Rummo O.O.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.jtransplantologiya.ru/jour/article/view/1029">https://www.jtransplantologiya.ru/jour/article/view/1029</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. В настоящее время трансплантация является эффективным методом лечения пациентов с терминальными стадиями заболеваний печени. Отдаленные результаты во многом определяются двумя основными факторами – развитием иммунологических осложнений и токсическим воздействием ингибиторов кальциневрина на почечную функцию. Использование мезенхимальных стволовых клеток (МСК), обладающих способностью модулировать иммунный ответ, является перспективным методом лечения для оптимизации результатов лечения данной категории пациентов.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Оценить отдаленные результаты применения МСК при трансплантации печени.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Проведено ретроспективное исследование, в которое были включены 186 пациентов после трансплантации печени (2015–2023). Основная группа (n=93) получала МСК по четырем протоколам: локальное, системное, комбинированное введение и терапия при остром почечном повреждении; контрольная группа (n=93) – стандартное лечение. Медиана наблюдения составила 3 (2;5) года, длительность наблюдения – 1–8 лет. Оценивали выживаемость пациентов, функцию трансплантата и почек, глубину иммуносупрессивной терапии, уровни анти-HLA антител, иммунофенотип лимфоцитов.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В группе МСК отмечено снижение частоты иммунологической дисфункции трансплантата (22% по сравнению с 40%, p&lt;0,05), развития хронической болезни почек 3-й стадии (23,4% по сравнению с 68,2%, p&lt;0,05) и образования анти-HLA антител (5% по сравнению с 20%, p&lt;0,05). Применение МСК позволило использовать более низкие дозы такролимуса (4,15 по сравнению с 5,2 нг/мл, p=0,001) без увеличения риска отторжения. Восьмилетняя выживаемость составила 87,7% по сравнению с 82,9% в контроле. Выявлены характерные изменения иммунофенотипа, подтверждающие формирование иммунологической толерантности.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Применение МСК при трансплантации печени улучшает долгосрочные результаты за счет снижения частоты иммунологических осложнений, сохранения почечной функции и уменьшения потребности в высоких дозах иммуносупрессии.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Transplantation is an effective method of treating patients with end stage liver diseases. Long-term results are determined by two main factors: the development of immunological complications and calcineurin inhibitor nephrotoxity. Application of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which modulate the immune response, is a promising effective method to optimize the treatment results in patients after liver transplantation.</p><p>The objective of the study was to evaluate the long-term results of mesenchymal stem cells application in liver transplantation.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. A retrospective study was performed, which included 186 patients after liver transplantation (2015–2023). The MSC group (n=93) received MSCs according to four protocols: local, systemic, combined administration, therapy for acute kidney injury; the control group (n=93) received the standard treatment. The median follow-up was 3 (2;5) years, the follow-up period being from 1-8 years. The patient survival, graft and renal function, depth of immunosuppressive therapy, anti-HLA antibody levels, and lymphocyte immunophenotype were assessed.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. In the MSC group the incidence of immunological dysfunction of the liver allograft was decreased (22% versus 40%, p&lt;0.05), the development of stage 3 chronic kidney disease (23.4% versus 68.2%, p&lt;0.05) and formation of anti-HLA antibodies (5% versus 20%, p&lt;0.05) were reduced. The use of MSCs made it possible to reduce the Tacrolimus doses (4.15 vs. 5.2 ng/mL, p=0.001) without increasing the risk of rejection. Eight-year survival in MSC group was 87.7% versus 82.9% in the control group. Specific to immunological tolerance changes in the immunophenotype were identified.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Using MSCs in liver transplantation improves long-term outcomes by reducing the incidence of immunological complications, preserves the renal function, and reduces the need for high-dose immunosuppression.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>трансплантация печени</kwd><kwd>мезенхимальные стволовые клетки</kwd><kwd>иммунологическая толерантность</kwd><kwd>отторжение трансплантата</kwd><kwd>иммуносупрессивная терапия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>liver transplantation</kwd><kwd>mesenchymal stem cells</kwd><kwd>immunological tolerance</kwd><kwd>liver allograft rejection</kwd><kwd>immunosuppressive therapy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines on liver transplantation. J Hepatol. 2024;81(6):1040–1086. 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