transplantologiyaТрансплантологияTransplantologiya. The Russian Journal of Transplantation2074-05062542-0909IPO Association of Transplantologists10.23873/2074-0506-2025-17-3-329-341transplantologiya-1037Research ArticleОБЗОРНЫЕ СТАТЬИ И ЛЕКЦИИREVIEW ARTICLES AND LECTURESАнестезиологическое обеспечение донорской нефрэктомии и возможности его оптимизацииAnesthesiological care for donor nephrectomy and possibilities of its optimizationhttps://orcid.org/0009-0008-2094-0573БабаевВ. Д.BabaevV. D.

Валерий Дмитриевич Бабаев - врач анестезиолог-реаниматолог отделения анестезиологии и реанимации № 1

410054, Саратов, Большая Садовая ул., д. 137

Valery D. Babaev - Physician Anesthesiologist-Intensivist of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Department No. 1

137 Bolshaya Sadovaya St., Saratov 410054

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5705-215XКулигинА. В.KuliginA. V.

Александр Валерьевич Кулигин - доц., д-р мед. наук, заведующий кафедрой скорой неотложной анестезиолого-реанимационной помощи и симуляционных технологий в медицине

410012, Саратов, Большая Казачья ул., д. 112

Alexander V. Kuligin - Assoc. Prof., Dr. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Department of Emergency Medicine, Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, and Simulation Technologies in Medicine

112 Bolshaya Kazachya St., Saratov 410012

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9810-4363РоссоловскийА. Н.RossolovskyA. N.

Антон Николаевич Россоловский - доц., д-р мед. наук, доцент кафедры урологии

410012, Саратов, Большая Казачья ул., д. 112

Anton N. Rossolovsky - Assoc. Prof., Dr. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Urology

112 Bolshaya Kazachya St., Saratov 410012

https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3556-2438ПрохоровР. С.ProkhorovR. S.

Роман Сергеевич Прохоров - заведующий отделением анестезиологии и реанимации № 1

410054, Саратов, Большая Садовая ул., д. 137

Roman S. Prokhorov - Head of Critical Medicine and Intensive Care Department No. 1

137 Bolshaya Sadovaya St., Saratov 410054

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1615-6969ЛушниковА. В.LushnikovA. V.

Александр Владимирович Лушников - доц., канд. мед. наук, доцент кафедры скорой неотложной анестезиолого-реанимационной помощи и симуляционных технологий в медицине

410012, Саратов, Большая Казачья ул., д. 112

Alexander V. Lushnikov - Assoc. Prof., Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Emergency Medicine, Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, and Simulation Technologies in Medicine

112 Bolshaya Kazachya St., Saratov 410012

https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3561-8534ГайдаровА. Е.GaidarovA. E.

Алексей Евгеньевич Гайдаров - ассистент кафедры скорой неотложной анестезиолого-реанимационной помощи и симуляционных технологий в медицине

410012, Саратов, Большая Казачья ул., д. 112

Alexey E. Gaidarov - Assistant of the Department of Emergency Medicine Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, and Simulation Technologies in Medicine

112 Bolshaya Kazachya St., Saratov 410012

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1297-5123ЗеулинаЕ. Е.ZeulinaE. E.

Екатерина Евгеньевна Зеулина - доц., канд. мед. наук, доцент кафедры скорой неотложной анестезиолого-реанимационной помощи и симуляционных технологий в медицине

410012, Саратов, Большая Казачья ул., д. 112

Ekaterina E. Zeulina - Assoc. Prof., Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Emergency Medicine, Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, and Simulation Technologies in Medicine

112 Bolshaya Kazachya St., Saratov 410012

zeulina@list.ruУниверситетская клиническая больница № 1 им. С.Р. Миротворцева ФГБОУ ВО «Саратовский ГМУ им. В.И. Разумовского» МЗ РФРоссияUniversity Clinical Hospital No. 1 n.a. S.R. Mirotvortsev, Saratov State Medical University n.a. V.I. RazumovskyRussian FederationФГБОУ ВО «Саратовский ГМУ им. В.И. Разумовского» МЗ РФРоссияSaratov State Medical University n.a. V.I. RazumovskyRussian Federation202517092025173329341Copyright © Бабаев В.Д., Кулигин А.В., Россоловский А.Н., Прохоров Р.С., Лушников А.В., Гайдаров А.Е., Зеулина Е.Е., 20252025Бабаев В.Д., Кулигин А.В., Россоловский А.Н., Прохоров Р.С., Лушников А.В., Гайдаров А.Е., Зеулина Е.Е.Babaev V.D., Kuligin A.V., Rossolovsky A.N., Prokhorov R.S., Lushnikov A.V., Gaidarov A.E., Zeulina E.E.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.jtransplantologiya.ru/jour/article/view/1037Актуальность

Актуальность. Трансплантация почки от живого родственного донора (ЖРД) – наиболее эффективная стратегия заместительной почечной терапии для пациентов с хронической болезнью почек 5-й стадии. Органы от ЖРД используют по причине дефицита органов от посмертных доноров. Одной из ключевых проблем остается анестезиологическое обеспечение лапароскопической донорской нефрэктомии (ЛДНЭ) и его влияние на состояние трансплантата.

Цель

Цель. Анализ и обобщение результатов исследований по анестезиологическому обеспечению ЛДНЭ и его влиянию на состояние трансплантата.

Материал и методы

Материал и методы. Поиск литературы проводили в базах данных PubMed, eLibrary, The Cochrane Library, MedLine, EMBASE с использованием поисковых запросов: «лапароскопическая донорская нефрэктомия», «нефрэктомия», «анестезия донорской нефрэктомии и трансплантации почки», «состояние почечного трансплантата при анестезии», что позволило найти и проанализировать 445 работ, опубликованных в зарубежных и отечественных журналах с 2020 по 2025 год. В результате отбора в обзор включили 51 публикацию, из них 10 рандомизированных клинических исследований, 1 экспериментальное исследование, 16 обсервационных исследований, 2 метаанализа, 10 систематических обзоров, 1 одноцентровое ретроспективное контролируемое исследование, 5 одноцентровых проспективных контролируемых исследований, 4 клинических рекомендации, 2 клинических наблюдения.

Заключение

Заключение. В мировой литературе за последние 5 лет нами не найдено большого количества сообщений, посвященных периоперационному анестезиологическому обеспечению ЛДНЭ. Имеющиеся данные свидетельствуют о том, что общая, сочетанная и регионарная анестезии представляют интерес и могут быть эффективно применены при ЛДНЭ.

Background

Background. Living related donor (LRD) kidney transplantation is the most effective strategy of renal replacement therapy for patients with stage 5 chronic kidney disease. LRD organs are used due to the shortage of organs from deceased donors. One of the key problems still remained is the anesthetic management of laparoscopic donor nephrectomy (LDNE) and its impact on the graft condition.

Objective

Objective. Analysis and generalization of the results obtained in the studies of anesthetic management of LDNE and its impact on the graft condition.

Material and methods

Material and methods. The literature search was performed in the PubMed, eLibrary, The Cochrane Library, MedLine, EMBASE databases using the search queries: "laparoscopic donor nephrectomy", "nephrectomy", "anesthesia for donor nephrectomy and kidney transplantation", "renal graft condition during anesthesia", which made it possible to find and analyze 445 works published in foreign and Russian journals from 2020 to 2025. As a result of the selection, 51 publications were included in the review, including 10 randomized clinical trials, 1 experimental study, 16 observational studies, 2 meta-analyses, 10 systematic reviews, 1 single-center retrospective controlled study, 5 single-center prospective controlled studies, 4 clinical guidelines, 2 clinical case reports.

Conclusion

Conclusion. In the world literature over the recent five years, we have hardly found a large number of reports covering the issue of perioperative anesthetic management of LDNE. The available data indicate that general, combined and regional anesthesia are of interest and can be effectively used in LDNE.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.