<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">transplantologiya</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Трансплантология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Transplantologiya. The Russian Journal of Transplantation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-0506</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-0909</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IPO Association of Transplantologists</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23873/2074-0506-2018-10-1-50-56</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">transplantologiya-216</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРНЫЕ СТАТЬИ И ЛЕКЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW ARTICLES AND LECTURES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Фибрилляция предсердий трансплантированного сердца</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Atrial fibrillation after heart transplantation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лепшокова</surname><given-names>М. Х.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lepshokova</surname><given-names>M. Kh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-кардиолог кардиологического отделения № 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cardiologist of Cardiology Department No. 3</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mlepshok@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Космачева</surname><given-names>Е. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kosmachova</surname><given-names>E. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Порханов</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Porkhanov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «НИИ – ККБ № 1 им. проф. С.В. Очаповского» МЗ Краснодарского края</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute – Regional Clinical Hospital № 1. n.a. prof. S.V. Ochapovsky</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>03</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>50</fpage><lpage>56</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Лепшокова М.Х., Космачева Е.Д., Порханов В.А., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лепшокова М.Х., Космачева Е.Д., Порханов В.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lepshokova M.K., Kosmachova E.D., Porkhanov V.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.jtransplantologiya.ru/jour/article/view/216">https://www.jtransplantologiya.ru/jour/article/view/216</self-uri><abstract><p>Нарушения сердечного ритма после трансплантации сердца – актуальный и малоизученный вопрос современной трансплантологии. Одной из наиболее часто встречающихся аритмий является фибрилляция предсердий, которая так же, как и в общей популяции, может быть причиной кардиоэмболических осложнений и, соответственно, влияет на качество жизни и прогноз реципиентов. Особенности эпидемиологии, классификации, механизмов развития и терапии фибрилляции предсердий после трансплантации сердца отражены в данной работе.</p><p> </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Arrhythmias in heart transplant recipients remain an important but under-studied issue in transplant medicine. One of the most common arrhythmias, atrial fibrillation can cause cardioembolic complications in transplant recipients, in the same way as in general population and, accordingly, affect the quality of life and the prognosis. This review discusses epidemiology, classification, mechanisms of development, and therapy of atrial fibrillation after heart transplantation.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>трансплантация сердца</kwd><kwd>фибрилляция предсердий</kwd><kwd>денервация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>heart transplantation</kwd><kwd>atrial fibrillation</kwd><kwd>denervation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kirchhof P., Benussi S., Kotecha D., et al. 2016 ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with EACTS. Eur. Heart J. 2016;37(38):2893–2962. DOI:10.1093/ eurheartj/ehw210</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kirchhof P., Benussi S., Kotecha D., et al. 2016 ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with EACTS. Eur Heart J. 2016;37(38):2893–2962. DOI:10.1093/ eurheartj/ehw210</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cohn W.E., Gregoric I.D., Radovancevic B., et al. Atrial ﬁbrillation after cardiac transplantation:experience in 498 consecutive cases. Ann. Thorac. Surg. 2008;85(1):56–58. PMID:18154778 DOI:10.1016/j.athoracsur.2007.07.037</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cohn W.E., Gregoric I.D., Radovancevic B., et al. Atrial ﬁbrillation after cardiac transplantation:experience in 498 consecutive cases. Ann Thorac Surg. 2008;85(1):56–58. PMID:18154778 DOI:10.1016/j.athoracsur.2007.07.037</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dizon J., Chen K., Bacchetta M., et al. A comparison of atrial arrhythmias after heart or double-lung transplantation at a single center. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 2009;54(22):2043–2048. PMID:19926011 DOI:10.1016/j.jacc.2009.08.029</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dizon J., Chen K., Bacchetta M., et al. A comparison of atrial arrhythmias after heart or double-lung transplantation at a single center. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2009;54(22):2043–2048. PMID:19926011 DOI:10.1016/j.jacc.2009.08.029</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cui G., Tung T., Kobashigawa J., et al. Increased incidence of atrial ﬂutter associated with the rejection of heart transplantation. Am. J. Cardiol. 2001;88(3):280–284. PMID:11472708</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cui G., Tung T., Kobashigawa J., et al. Increased incidence of atrial ﬂutter associated with the rejection of heart transplantation. Am J Cardiol. 2001;88(3):280– 284. PMID:11472708</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Grant S.C., Khan M.A., Faragher E.B., et al. Atrial arrhythmias and pacing after orthotopic heart transplantation: bicaval versus standard atrial anastomosis. Heart J. 1995;74(2):149–153. PMID:7546993 PMCID:PMC483990</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Grant S.C., Khan M.A., Faragher E.B., et al. Atrial arrhythmias and pacing after orthotopic heart transplantation: bicaval versus standard atrial anastomosis. Heart J. 1995;74(2):149–153. PMID:7546993 PMCID:PMC483990</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Weiss E.S, Nwakanma L.U., Russell S.B., et al. Outcomes in bicaval versus biatrial techniques in heart transplantation: an analysis of the UNOS database. J. Heart Lung Transplant. 2008;27(2):178– 183. PMID:18267224 DOI:10.1016/j. healun.2007.11.003</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Weiss E.S, Nwakanma L.U., Russell S.B., et al. Outcomes in bicaval versus biatrial techniques in heart transplantation: an analysis of the UNOS database. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2008;27(2):178– 183. PMID:18267224 DOI:10.1016/j. healun.2007.11.003</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hamon D., Taleski J., Vaseghi M., et al. Arrhythmias in the Heart Transplant Patient. Arrhythm. Electrophysiol. Rev. 2014;3(3):149–155. PMID:26835083 PMCID:PMC4711495 DOI:10.15420/ aer.2014.3.3.149</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hamon D., Taleski J., Vaseghi M., et al. Arrhythmias in the Heart Transplant Patient. Arrhythm Electrophysiol Rev. 2014;3(3):149–155. PMID:26835083 PMCID:PMC4711495 DOI:10.15420/ aer.2014.3.3.149</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chang H.Y., Lo L.W., Feng A.N., et al. Long-term follow-up of arrhythmia characteristics and clinical outcomes in heart transplant patients. Transplant. Proc. 2013;45(1):369–375. PMID:23375324 DOI:10.1016/j.transproceed.2012.09.116</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chang H.Y., Lo L.W., Feng A.N., et al. Long-term follow-up of arrhythmia characteristics and clinical outcomes in heart transplant patients. Transplant Proc. 2013;45(1):369–375. PMID:23375324 DOI:10.1016/j.transproceed.2012.09.116</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Noheria A., Patel S.M., Mirzoyev S., et al. Decreased postoperative atrial fibrillation following cardiac transplantation: the significance of autonomic denervation. Pacing Clin. Electrophysiol. 2013;36(6):741–747. PMID:23437907 DOI:10.1111/pace.12102</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Noheria A., Patel S.M., Mirzoyev S., et al. Decreased postoperative atrial fibrillation following cardiac transplantation: the significance of autonomic denervation. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2013;36(6):741–747. PMID:23437907 DOI:10.1111/pace.12102</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dasari T.W., Pavlovic-Surjancev B., Patel N., et al. Incidence, risk factors, and clinical outcomes of atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter after heart transplantation. Am. J. Cardiol. 2010;106(5):737– 741. PMID:20723655 DOI:10.1016/j.amj-card.2010.04.035</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dasari T.W., Pavlovic-Surjancev B., Patel N., et al. Incidence, risk factors, and clinical outcomes of atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter after heart transplantation. Am J Cardiol. 2010;106(5):737–741. PMID:20723655 DOI:10.1016/j.amj-card.2010.04.035</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pavri B.B., O’Nunain S.S., Newell J.B., et al. Prevalence and prognostic significance of atrial arrhythmias after orthotopic cardiac transplantation. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 1995;25(7):1673–1680. PMID:7759722</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pavri B.B., O’Nunain S.S., Newell J.B., et al. Prevalence and prognostic significance of atrial arrhythmias after orthotopic cardiac transplantation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1995;25(7):1673–1680. PMID:7759722</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vaseghi M., Boyle N.G., Kedia R., et al. Supraventricular tachycardia after orthotopic cardiac transplantation. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 2008;51(23):2241– 2249. PMID:18534271 DOI:10.1016/j. jacc.2008.02.065</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vaseghi M., Boyle N.G., Kedia R., et al. Supraventricular tachycardia after orthotopic cardiac transplantation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2008;51(23):2241– 2249. PMID:18534271 DOI:10.1016/j. jacc.2008.02.065</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Russo M.J., Chen J.M., Sorabella R.A., et al. The effect of ischemic time on survival after heart transplantation varies by donor age: an analysis of the United Network for Organ Sharing database. J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 2007;133(2):554–559. PMID:17258599 DOI:10.1016/j.jtcvs.2006.09.019</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Russo M.J., Chen J.M., Sorabella R.A., et al. The effect of ischemic time on survival after heart transplantation varies by donor age: an analysis of the United Network for Organ Sharing database. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2007;133(2):554–559. PMID:17258599 DOI:10.1016/j.jtcvs.2006.09.019</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Christie J.D., Edwards L.B., Ku cheryavaya A.Y., et al. The Registry of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation: twenty-seventh official adult lung and heart-lung transplant report – 2010. J. Heart Lung Transplant. 2010;29(10):1104– 1118. PMID:208701654 DOI:10.1016/j. healun.2010.08.004</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Christie J.D., Edwards L.B., Ku cheryavaya A.Y., et al. The Registry of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation: twenty-seventh official adult lung and heart-lung transplant report – 2010. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2010;29(10):1104– 1118. PMID:208701654 DOI:10.1016/j. healun.2010.08.004</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kim D.T., Luthringer D.J., Lai A.C., et al. Sympathetic nerve sprouting after orthotopic heart transplantation. J. Heart Lung Transplant. 2004;23(12):1349– 1358. PMID:15607663 DOI:10.1016/j. healun.2003.10.005</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kim D.T., Luthringer D.J., Lai A.C., et al. Sympathetic nerve sprouting after orthotopic heart transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2004;23(12):1349– 1358. PMID:15607663 DOI:10.1016/j.healun.2003.10.005</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Uberfuhr P., Frey A.W., Ziegler S., et al. Sympathetic reinnervation of sinus node and left ventricle after heart transplantation in humans: regional differences assessed by heart rate variability and positron emission tomography. J. Heart Lung Transplant. 2000;19(4):317–323. PMID:10775810</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Uberfuhr P., Frey A.W., Ziegler S., et al. Sympathetic reinnervation of sinus node and left ventricle after heart transplantation in humans: regional differences assessed by heart rate variability and positron emission tomography. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2000;19(4):317–323. PMID:10775810</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vaseghi M., Lellouche N., Ritter H., et al. Mode and mechanisms of death after orthotopic heart transplantation. Heart Rhythm. 2009;6(4):503–509. PMID:19324311 PMCID:PMC3766739 DOI:10.1016/j.hrthm.2009.01.005</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vaseghi M., Lellouche N., Ritter H., et al. Mode and mechanisms of death after orthotopic heart transplantation. Heart Rhythm. 2009;6(4):503–509. PMID:19324311 PMCID:PMC3766739 DOI:10.1016/j.hrthm.2009.01.005</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Воронина Т.С., Раскин В.В., Фролова Ю.В., Дземешкевич С.Л. Болезнь коронарных артерий пересаженного сердца и системный атеросклероз: сходства и различия. Атеросклероз и дислипидемии. 2014.(3):16–20.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Voronina T.S., Raskin V.V., Frolova Yu.V., Dzemeshkevich S.L. Coronary artery disease of the transplanted heart and systemic atherosclerosis: similarities and differences. Atherosclerosis and dyslipidemia. 2014;(3):16–20. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vaseghi M., Boyle N.G., Kedia R., et al. Supraventricular tachycardia after orthotopic cardiac transplantation. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 2008;51(23):2241– 2244. PMID:18534271 DOI:10.1016/j. jacc.2008.02.065</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vaseghi M., Boyle N.G., Kedia R., et al. Supraventricular tachycardia after orthotopic cardiac transplantation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2008;51(23):2241– 2244. PMID:18534271 DOI:10.1016/j. jacc.2008.02.065</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pahl E., Crawford S.E., Cohn R.A., et al. Reversal of severe late left ventricular failure after pediatric heart transplantation and possible role of plasmapheresis. Am. J. Cardiol. 2000;85(6):735–739. PMID:12000049</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pahl E., Crawford S.E., Cohn R.A., et al. Reversal of severe late left ventricular failure after pediatric heart transplantation and possible role of plasmapheresis. Am J Cardiol. 2000;85(6):735–739. PMID:12000049</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cui G., Tung T., Kobashigawa J., et al. Increased incidence of atrial flutter associated with the rejection of heart transplantation. Am. J. Cardiol. 2001;88(3):280–284. PMID:11472708 DOI:10.1016/S0002-9149(01)01641-1</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cui G., Tung T., Kobashigawa J., et al. Increased incidence of atrial flutter associated with the rejection of heart transplantation. Am J Cardiol. 2001;88(3):280– 284. PMID:11472708 DOI:10.1016/ S0002-9149(01)01641-1</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ahmari S.A., Bunch T.J., Chandra A., et al. Prevalence, pathophysiology, and clinical significance of post-heart transplant atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter. J. Heart Lung Transplant. 2006;25(10):53–60. PMID:16399531 DOI:10.1016/j.healun.2005.07.017</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ahmari S.A., Bunch T.J., Chandra A., et al. Prevalence, pathophysiology, and clinical significance of post-heart transplant atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2006;25(10):53–60. PMID:16399531 DOI:10.1016/j. healun.2005.07.017</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Khan M., Kalahasti V., Rajagopal V., et al. Incidence of atrial fibrillation in heart transplant patients: long-term follow-up. J. Cardiovasc. Electrophysiol. 2006;17(8):827–831. PMID:16903960 DOI:10.1111/j.1540-8167.2006.00497.x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khan M., Kalahasti V., Rajagopal V., et al. Incidence of atrial fibrillation in heart transplant patients: long-term follow-up. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2006;17(8):827–831. PMID:16903960 DOI:10.1111/j.1540-8167.2006.00497.x</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Collins K.K., Thiagarajan R.R., Chin C., et al. Atrial tachyarrhythmias and permanent pacing after pediatric heart transplantation. J. Heart Lung Transplant. 2003;22(10):1126–1133. PMID:14550822</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Collins K.K., Thiagarajan R.R., Chin C., et al. Atrial tachyarrhythmias and permanent pacing after pediatric heart transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2003;22(10):1126–1133. PMID:14550822</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Медикаментозная терапия в перитрансплантационном периоде. В кн.: Трансплантация сердца: национальные клинические рекомендации. М., 2013: 21–22.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Medical treatment in peritransplant period. In: Heart transplantation: National clinical guidelines. Moscow: 2013. 21–22. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nof E., Stevenson W.G., Epstein L.M., et al. Catheter ablation of atrial arrhythmias after cardiac transplantation: findings at EP study utility of 3-D mapping and outcomes. J. Cardiovasc. Electrophysiol. 2013;24(5):498–502. PMID:23387552 DOI:10.1111/jce.12078</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nof E., Stevenson W.G., Epstein L.M., et al. Catheter ablation of atrial arrhythmias after cardiac transplantation: fi ndings at EP study utility of 3-D mapping and outcomes. J Cardiovasc Electrophy siol. 2013;24(5):498–502. PMID:23387552 DOI:10.1111/jce.12078</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Elsik M., Teh A., Ling L.H., et al. Supraventricular arrhythmias late after orthotopic cardiac transplantation: electrocardiographic and electrophysiologi-cal characterization and radiofrequency ablation. Europace. 2012;14(10):1498– 1505. PMID:22523376 DOI:10.1093/euro-pac/eus092</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Elsik M., Teh A., Ling L.H., et al. Supraventricular arrhythmias late after orthotopic cardiac transplantation: electrocardiographic and electrophysiologi-cal characterization and radiofrequency ablation. Europace. 2012;14(10):1498– 1505. PMID:22523376 DOI:10.1093/euro-pac/eus092</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Thajudeen A., Stecker E.C., She-hata M., et al. Arrhythmias After Heart Transplantation: Mechanisms and Management. J. Am. Heart Assoc. 2012;1(2):e001461. PMID:23130132 DOI:10.1161/JAHA.112.001461.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Thajudeen A., Stecker E.C., She-hata M., et al. Arrhythmias After Heart Transplantation: Mechanisms and Management. J Am Heart Assoc. 2012;1(2):e001461. PMID:23130132 DOI:10.1161/JAHA.112.001461</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yamreudeewong W., Debisschop M., Martin L.G., Lower D.L. Potentially signiﬁcant drug interactions of class III antiarrhythmic drugs. Drug Saf. 2003;26(6):421–438. PMID: 12688833</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yamreudeewong W., Debisschop M., Martin L.G., Lower D.L. Potentially signiﬁcant drug interactions of class III antiarrhythmic drugs. Drug Saf. 2003;26(6):421–438. PMID:12688833</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mamprin F., Mullins P., Graham T., et al. Amiodarone–cyclosporine interaction in cardiac transplantation. Am. Heart J. 1992;123(6):1725–1726. PMID:1595566</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mamprin F., Mullins P., Graham T., et al. Amiodarone-cyclosporine interaction in cardiac transplantation. Am Heart J. 1992;123(6):1725–1726. PMID:1595566</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chitwood K.K., Bdul-Haqq A.J., Heim-Duthoy K.L. Cyclosporine–amiodarone interaction. Ann. Pharmacother. 1993;27(5):569–571. PMID:8347904 DOI:10.1177/106002809302700506</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chitwood K.K., Bdul-Haqq A.J., Heim-Duthoy K.L. Cyclosporine-amiodarone interaction. Ann Pharmacother. 1993;27(5):569–571. PMID:8347904 DOI:10.1177/106002809302700506</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
