transplantologiyaТрансплантологияTransplantologiya. The Russian Journal of Transplantation2074-05062542-0909IPO Association of Transplantologists10.23873/2074-0506-2019-11-1-21-36transplantologiya-419Research ArticleОБЗОРНЫЕ СТАТЬИ И ЛЕКЦИИREVIEW ARTICLES AND LECTURESПрименение мультипотентных мезенхимальных стромальных клеток костного мозга при трансплантации почкиMultipotent mesenchymal stem cells in renal transplantationhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8897-7523БоровковаН. В.BorovkovaN. V.

Наталья Валерьевна Боровкова - доктор медицинских наук, заведующая научным отделением биотехнологий и трансфузиологии

129090, Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., д. 3

Natal’ya V. Borovkova - Dr. Med. Sci., Head of the Scientific Department of Biotechnologies and Tranfusiology

3 Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq., Moscow 129090

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0746-1884ХубутияМ. Ш.KhubutiyaM. Sh.

Могели Шалвович Хубутия- академик РАН, профессор, доктор медицинских наук, президент

129090, Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., д. 3

Mogeli Sh. Khubutiya - Acad. of RAS, Prof., Dr. Med. Sci., President

3 Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq., Moscow 129090

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6849-1457РжевскаяО. Н.RzhevskayaO. N.

Ольга Николаевна Ржевская - доктор медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отделения трансплантации почки иподжелудочной железы

129090, Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., д. 3

Ol’ga N. Rzhevskaya - Dr. Med. Sci., Leading Researcher of the Kidney and Pancreas Transplantation Department

3 Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq., Moscow 129090

dr_rzhevskayaolga@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9019-9567ПинчукА. В.PinchukA. V.

Алексей Валерьевич Пинчук - кандидат медицинских наук, заведующий научным отделением трансплантации почки и поджелудочной железы

129090, Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., д. 3

Aleksey V. Pinchuk - Cand. Med. Sci., Head of the Scientific Kidney and Pancreas Transplantation Scientific Department

3 Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq., Moscow 129090

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2809-3929ВасильченковД. А.Vasil’chenkovD. A.

Дмитрий Андреевич Васильченков - аспирант кафедры трансплантологии и искусственных органов

127473, Москва, ул. Делегатская, д. 20, стр. 1

Dmitriy A. Vasil’chenkov - Postgraduate in the Department of Transplantation and Artificial Organs

1 Bldg. 20 Delegatskaya St., Moscow 127473

ГБУЗ «НИИ скорой помощи им. Н.В. Склифосовского ДЗМ»РоссияN.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency MedicineRussian FederationФГБОУ ВО МГМСУ им. А.И. Евдокимова МЗ РФРоссияA.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and DentistryRussian Federation2019270320191112136Copyright © Боровкова Н.В., Хубутия М.Ш., Ржевская О.Н., Пинчук А.В., Васильченков Д.А., 20192019Боровкова Н.В., Хубутия М.Ш., Ржевская О.Н., Пинчук А.В., Васильченков Д.А.Borovkova N.V., Khubutiya M.S., Rzhevskaya O.N., Pinchuk A.V., Vasil’chenkov D.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.jtransplantologiya.ru/jour/article/view/419

Tрансплантация почки является наиболее эффективным методом лечения терминальной стадии хронической почечной недостаточности, рост заболеваемости которой неизменно наблюдается в последние годы. Несмотря на достижения иммуносупрессивной терапии пациентов с пересаженными органами, сроки функционирования трансплантатов не удается увеличить на протяжении нескольких десятилетий. В качестве средства, способного изменить данную ситуацию, рассматриваются мультипотентные мезенхимальные (стромальные) клетки костного мозга (ММСК КМ). Данная популяция клеток после своего открытия в середине ХХ века продемонстрировала высокий потенциал для терапевтического использования при трансплантации солидных органов как в экспериментальных, так и в ряде клинических исследований. В настоящее время известно, что они, обладая низким уровнем собственной иммуногенности, способны модифицировать иммунный ответ организма реципиента, и, тем самым, оказывать благоприятное влияние на течение послеоперационного периода. Данные эффекты ММСК реализуют, оказывая влияние как на систему врожденного, так и адаптивного иммунитета. Вместе с тем открытыми остаются вопросы оптимальных доз и времени введения ММСК реципиентам. В данной публикации представлен анализ экспериментального и клинического опыта использования ММСК при трансплантации почки.

Kidney transplantation is the most effective treatment for the end-stage chronic renal disease that has been observed to increase in the incidence consistently in recent years. Despite the achievements in immunosuppressive therapy in patients after renal transplantation, the graft survival length has remained unchangeable during the recent few decades. Bone marrow multipotent mesenchymal (stromal) stem cells (BM MMSCs) are known as a potential tool to influence this situation. Since their discovery in the middle of the XX century, their wide therapeutic potential in the transplantation of solid organs was demonstrated both in experimental and clinical trials. They have the ability to modify recipient’s immune response and improve postoperative course, however, having a low level of their own immunogenicity. MMSCs realize their properties through interactions both with the innate and adoptive immune system. Meanwhile, actual questions such as an optimal dosage and injection timing are still need answers. Actual experience of both experimental and clinical use of MMSCs in kidney transplantation has been analyzed in the present publication.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.