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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">transplantologiya</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Трансплантология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Transplantologiya. The Russian Journal of Transplantation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-0506</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-0909</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IPO Association of Transplantologists</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23873/2074-0506-2019-11-2-141-149</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">transplantologiya-432</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ НАБЛЮДЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CASE REPORTS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Туберкулез легких и кишечника у реципиента почечного трансплантата</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pulmonary and intestinal tuberculosis in a kidney transplant recipient</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4388-7759</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кантария</surname><given-names>Р. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kantariya</surname><given-names>R. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент кафедры трансплантологии, нефрологии и искусственных органов факультета усовершенствования врачей,</p><p>129110, Москва, ул. Щепкина, д. 61/2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Med. Sci., Associate Professor of Transplantology, Nephrology and Artificial Organs Department, Faculty of Medical Postgraduate Education,</p><p>61/2 Shchepkin St., Moscow 129110 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rusiko_k@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8497-0693</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ватазин</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vatazin</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>проф., д-р мед. наук, руководитель хирургического отделения трансплантации почки, заведующий кафедрой трансплантологии, нефрологии и искусственных органов факультета усовершенствования врачей,</p><p>129110, Москва, ул. Щепкина, д. 61/2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Prof., Dr. Med. Sci, Head of the Surgical Department of Kidney Transplantation, Head of Transplantology, Nephrology and Artificial Organs Department, Faculty of Medical Postgraduate Education,</p><p>61/2 Shchepkin St., Moscow 129110 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5405-7887</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зулькарнаев</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zul’karnayev</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, главный научный сотрудник хирургического отделения трансплантации почки,</p><p>129110, Москва, ул. Щепкина, д. 61/2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Med. Sci., Chief Researcher of the Surgical Department of Kidney Tansplantation,</p><p>61/2 Shchepkin St., Moscow 129110 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0881-0599</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Степанов</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stepanov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, старший научный сотрудник хирургического отделения трансплантации почки,</p><p>129110, Москва, ул. Щепкина, д. 61/2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Med. Sci., Senior Researcher of the Surgical Department of Kidney Transplantation,</p><p>61/2 Shchepkin St., Moscow 129110 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ МО МОНИКИ им. М.Ф. Владимирского</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute n.a. M.F. Vladimirskiy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>06</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>141</fpage><lpage>149</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кантария Р.О., Ватазин А.В., Зулькарнаев А.Б., Степанов В.А., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кантария Р.О., Ватазин А.В., Зулькарнаев А.Б., Степанов В.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kantariya R.O., Vatazin A.V., Zul’karnayev A.B., Stepanov V.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.jtransplantologiya.ru/jour/article/view/432">https://www.jtransplantologiya.ru/jour/article/view/432</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Туберкулез – одна из широко распространенных инфекций в общей популяции, а также среди реципиентов солидных органов. У реципиентов почечного трансплантата диагностика туберкулеза часто бывает крайне сложна из-за стертой клинической и рентгенологической картины, а также отличается большой частотой атипичной (внелегочной) локализации. Лечение туберкулеза на фоне медикаментозной иммуносупрессии представляет собой значительную проблему.</p></sec><sec><title>Клинический случай</title><p>Клинический случай. У пациента через 5 лет после трансплантации почки отмечено появление лихорадки до 38 °С. Была заподозрена бронхолегочная инфекция. При рентгенографии органов грудной клетки, компьютерной томографии (КТ), ультразвуковом исследовании трансплантата патологии не выявлено. Антибактериальная и противовирусная терапия не сопровождалась стойкой положительной динамикой. При повторной КТ в S6 левого легкого отмечено усиление легочного рисунка с визуализацией мелких сгруппированных очагов, расположенных перибронхиально, в брюшной полости терминальный илеит (интенсивное накопление контрастного препарата в слизистой измененной части тонкой кишки, гиперваскуляризация брыжейки на этом уровне). Была выполнена колоноэнтероскопия с биопсией подвздошной кишки: изменения крайне подозрительны в отношении туберкулезного процесса. Было проведено целенаправленное лечение туберкулеза, на фоне которого отмечена выраженная положительная динамика.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Таким образом, диагностика туберкулеза и реципиентов почечного трансплантата сложна, а клинические и инструментальные признаки часто бывают стертые, что значительно осложняет своевременную диагностику. Требуется комплексный подход с применением современных методов диагностики. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Tuberculosis is one of the most common infections in the general population, as well as among the recipients of solid organs. In kidney transplant recipients, the diagnosis of tuberculosis is often extremely difficult to make because of unclear clinical and radiological symptoms, and a highly frequent atypical (extrapulmonary) localization. The tuberculosis treatment in patients on drug immunosuppression is a significant problem.</p></sec><sec><title>Clinical case</title><p>Clinical case. At five years after renal transplantation, the patient noted the onset of fever up to 38 degrees C. It was suspicious of respiratory infection. Chest X-ray, computed tomography, and ultrasound examination of the graft revealed no pathology. Antibacterial and antiviral therapy brought stable improvement. A repeated computer tomography demonstrated an enhanced pulmonary pattern in S6 of the left lung with visualization of small grouped lesions located peribronchially, the terminal ileitis in the abdominal cavity: (an intensive contrast accumulation in the mucosa of the affected part of the small intestine, the mesentery hypervascularity at this level). A colonoenteroscopy with a ileum intestine biopsy was performed; the findings were highly consistent with a tuberculous process. A targeted treatment of tuberculosis was carried out, which had a marked positive trend.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Thus, the diagnosis of tuberculosis in kidney transplant recipients is complex; the clinical signs and instrumental test results are often ambiguous, which greatly complicates the timely diagnosis. An integrated approach with the use of modern diagnostic methods is required. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>туберкулез</kwd><kwd>реципиент почечного трансплантата</kwd><kwd>трансплантация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>tuberculosis</kwd><kwd>renal transplant recipients</kwd><kwd>transplantation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sulis G., Roggi A., Matteelli A., Raviglione M.C. Tuberculosis: epidemiology and control. Mediterr. J. Hematol. Infect. Dis. 2014;6(1):e2014070. PMID:25408856 DOI:10.4084/MJHID.2014.070</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sulis G., Roggi A., Matteelli A., Raviglione M.C. Tuberculosis: epidemiology and control. Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis. 2014;6(1):e2014070. 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