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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">transplantologiya</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Трансплантология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Transplantologiya. The Russian Journal of Transplantation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-0506</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-0909</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IPO Association of Transplantologists</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23873/2074-0506-2019-11-3-201-208</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">transplantologiya-444</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ ТРАНСПЛАНТОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ACTUAL ISSUES OF TRANSPLANTATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Опыт использования полиметилметакрилатных мембран для удаления антител к HLA методом гемодиализа у реципиентов почечного трансплантата</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Experience of using polymethyl methacrylate membranes for anti-HLA antibodies’ elimination by hemodialysis in renal transplant recipients</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2163-5537</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Первакова</surname><given-names>Э. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pervakova</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>129090, Россия, Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>3 Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq., Moscow 129090 Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">p-elza@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5975-2907</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Василец</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasilets</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>129090, Россия, Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>3 Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq., Moscow 129090 Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6849-1457</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ржевская</surname><given-names>О. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rzhevskaya</surname><given-names>O. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>129090, Россия, Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., д. 3,</p><p>127473, Россия, Москва, Делегатская ул., д. 20, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>3 Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq., Moscow 129090 Russia,</p><p>1 Bldg. 20 Delegatskaya St., Moscow 127473 Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8897-7523</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Боровкова</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Borovkova</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>129090, Россия, Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>3 Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq., Moscow 129090 Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9019-9567</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пинчук</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pinchuk</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, заведующий научным отделением трансплантации почки и поджелудочной железы; доцент; заведующий организационно-методического отдела по трансплантологии,</p><p>129090, Россия, Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., д. 3,</p><p>127473, Россия, Москва, Делегатская ул., д. 20, стр. 1;</p><p>115184, Россия, Москва, Большая Татарская ул., д. 30</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Med. Sci., Head of the Scientific Department of Kidney and Pancreas Transplantation; Assistant Professor; Head of the Organizational and Methodological Department for Transplantology,</p><p>3 Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq., Moscow 129090 Russia,</p><p>1 Bldg. 20 Delegatskaya St., Moscow 127473 Russia,</p><p>30 Bolshaya Tatarskaya St., Moscow 115184 Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «НИИ скорой помощи им. Н.В. Склифосовского ДЗМ»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «НИИ скорой помощи им. Н.В. Склифосовского ДЗМ»; Кафедра трансплантологии и искусственных органов ФГБОУ ВО МГМСУ им. А.И. Евдокимова МЗ РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine; Department of Transplantology and Artificial Organs, A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «НИИ скорой помощи им. Н.В. Склифосовского ДЗМ»; Кафедра трансплантологии и искусственных органов ФГБОУ ВО МГМСУ им. А.И. Евдокимова МЗ РФ; ГБУ «НИИ организации здравоохранения и медицинского менеджмента ДЗМ»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine; Department of Transplantology and Artificial Organs, A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry; Research Institute for Healthcare Organization and Medical Management</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>09</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>201</fpage><lpage>208</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Первакова Э.И., Василец В.В., Ржевская О.Н., Боровкова Н.В., Пинчук А.В., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Первакова Э.И., Василец В.В., Ржевская О.Н., Боровкова Н.В., Пинчук А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pervakova E.I., Vasilets V.V., Rzhevskaya O.N., Borovkova N.V., Pinchuk A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.jtransplantologiya.ru/jour/article/view/444">https://www.jtransplantologiya.ru/jour/article/view/444</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. У реципиентов с предсуществующей сенсибилизацией несовместимыми антигенами главного комплекса гистосовместимости выживаемость почечного трансплантата при повторных пересадках напрямую зависит от уровня в венозной крови анти-HLA-антител. Несмотря на многолетний опыт использования различных методов: плазмаферез, каскадная фильтрация, иммуносорбция, внутривенное введение иммуноглобулинов, использование поликлональных антилимфоцитарных препаратов, поиск более доступных способов снижения уровня анти-HLA-антител непосредственно перед и после трансплантации почки остается актуальным до настоящего времени.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Оценить влияние диализаторов на основе полиметилметакрилатных мембран на снижение титра анти-HLA-антител у реципиентов почечных трансплантатов.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В исследование были включены 20 реципиентов трансплантата почки. Основную группу составили 10 больных, которым в ранние сроки после операции с целью снижения титра анти-HLA-антител проводили гемодиализ с использованием диализаторов на основе полиметилметакрилатных мембран. Всего выполнено 53 процедуры гемодиализа, в среднем 5,3 на 1 больного. Ретроспективно проанализированы результаты обследования 10 реципиентов группы сравнения, которым в те же сроки после трансплантации почки с целью снижения титра анти-HLA-антител проводили плазмаферез. Всего проведено 38 сессий плазмафереза, в среднем 3,8 на 1 пациента.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В основной группе через сутки после процедуры гемодиализа с использованием диализаторов на основе полиметилметакрилатных мембран у 60% пациентов (у 6 больных из 10) отметили снижение уровня анти-HLA-антител (в среднем на 28,3%), а в 4 случаях – его повышение. В то же время в группе сравнения после сеанса плазмафереза снижение уровня анти-HLA-антител отмечали у 80% больных (у 8 из 10) в среднем на 44,6%, а в 2 случаях, напротив, наблюдали его увеличение. Отметим, что статистически значимых различий между пациентами сравниваемых групп как по количеству положительных результатов (р&gt;0,05, точный критерий Фишера), так и по величине снижения содержания анти-HLA-антител (р&gt;0,05, критерий Манна–Уитни) выявлено не было. На 2-е и 5-е сутки, как после процедуры гемодиализа с использованием диализаторов на основе полиметилметакрилатных мембран, так и после сеанса плазмафереза, в 50% случаев у пациентов отмечали увеличение содержание анти-HLA-антител по сравнению с исходными показателями. В остальных случаях уровень антител к антигенам главного комплекса гистосовместимости в обеих группах по сравнению с исходными значениями уменьшался.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Использование диализаторов с полиметилметакрилатными мембранами представляется перспективным у реципиентов почечного аллотрансплантата с высоким уровнем предсуществующих анти- HLA-антител на период олигоанурии, до восстановления функции почечного аллотрансплантата, поскольку осуществляется одновременно и гемодиализ, и сорбция предсуществующих (а также вновь синтезируемых) антител.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. In recipients with pre-existing sensitization with incompatible antigens of the main histocompatibility complex, the kidney graft survival after retransplantations directly depends on the level of anti-HLA antibodies. Despite many years of experience in using various methods: plasmapheresis, cascade filtration, immunosorption, intravenous administration of immunoglobulins, the use of polyclonal anti-lymphocytic agents, the search for more acceptable ways to reduce the level of anti-HLA antibodies still remains relevant nowadays.</p><p>The purpose of the study was to assess the effect of polymethyl methacrylate membrane-based dialyzers on the decrease in anti-HLA antibody level in renal transplant recipients.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The study included 20 kidney transplant recipients. The main study group consisted of 10 patients who underwent early postoperatoive hemodialysis using polymethyl methacrylate membrane-based dialyzers to decrease anti-HLA antibody level. A total of 53 hemodialysis procedures were performed, an average of 5.3 per patient. The comparison group included 10 recipients in whom plasmapheresis had been performed at similar timing after kidney transplantation aimed at reducing the anti-HLA antibody titers and whose data were studied retrospectively. A total of 38 plasmapheresis sessions were performed, an average of 3.8 per patient.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. In the main study group, a day after the hemodialysis procedure using polymethyl methacrylate membranebased dialyzers the level of anti-HLA antibodies decreased by an average of 28.3% in 6 of 10 patients (60%), and increased in 4 cases. Meanwhile, in the comparison group, the level of anti-HLA antibodies in venous blood after a plasmapheresis session decreased average by 44.6% in 8 patients of 10 (80%), and increased in 2 cases, on the contrary. Of note, there were no significant differences between the patients of the two compared groups either in the number of positive results (p&gt; 0.05, Fisher's exact test), or in terms of the decrease in anti-HLA antibody level (p&gt; 0.05, Mann – Whitney test). On days 2 and 5, in 50% of cases both after the hemodialysis procedure using polymethyl methacrylate membranebased dialyzers and after the plasmapheresis session, the patients showed an increase in the anti-HLA antibodies level compared to the baseline values. In the remaining cases, the level of anti-HLA antibodies in both groups was recorded at a lower range compared to the baseline values.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The use of polymethyl methacrylate membrane-based dialyzers in the renal allograft recipients having a high level of preexisting anti-HLA antibodies seems promising for the period of oligoanuria until the renal allograft function is restored, since both hemodialysis and the sorption of pre-existing (and also newly synthesized) antibodies take place simultaneously.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>трансплантация почки</kwd><kwd>анти-HLA-антитела</kwd><kwd>гемодиализ</kwd><kwd>полиметилметакрилат</kwd><kwd>плазмаферез</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>kidney transplantation</kwd><kwd>anti-HLA antibodies</kwd><kwd>hemodialysis</kwd><kwd>polymethyl methacrylate</kwd><kwd>plasmapheresis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lachmann N, Terasaki PI, Schonemann C. 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