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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">transplantologiya</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Трансплантология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Transplantologiya. The Russian Journal of Transplantation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-0506</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-0909</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IPO Association of Transplantologists</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23873/2074-0506-2019-11-3-234-243</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">transplantologiya-447</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРНЫЕ СТАТЬИ И ЛЕКЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW ARTICLES AND LECTURES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Современные материалы для реконструкции костей свода черепа</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Modern materials for the reconstruction of the cranial vault bones</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2170-0009</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Офицеров</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ofitserov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-хирург отделения консервирования тканей и производства трансплантатов,</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Surgeon of the Department for Tissue Preservation and Graft Production,</p><p>3 Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq., Moscow 129090 Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">3930590@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8897-7523</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Боровкова</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Borovkova</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, заведующая научным отделением биотехнологий и трансфузиологии,</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Med. Sci., Head of the Scientific Department of Biotechnologies and Transfusiology,</p><p>3 Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq., Moscow 129090 Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6789-8164</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Талыпов</surname><given-names>А. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Talypov</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отделения неотложной нейрохирургии,</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Med. Sci., Leading Researcher of the Urgent Neurosurgery Department,</p><p>3 Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq., Moscow 129090 Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2523-6939</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пономарев</surname><given-names>И. H.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ponomarev</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, научный сотрудник отделения биотехнологий и трансфузиологии,</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Med. Sci., Researcher of the Department of Biotechnologies and Transfusiology,</p><p>3 Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq., Moscow 129090 Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «НИИ скорой помощи им Н.В. Склифосовского ДЗМ»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>09</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>234</fpage><lpage>243</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Офицеров А.А., Боровкова Н.В., Талыпов А.Э., Пономарев И.H., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Офицеров А.А., Боровкова Н.В., Талыпов А.Э., Пономарев И.H.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ofitserov A.A., Borovkova N.V., Talypov A.E., Ponomarev I.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.jtransplantologiya.ru/jour/article/view/447">https://www.jtransplantologiya.ru/jour/article/view/447</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Необходимость в проведении краниопластики возникает после удаления костных структур свода черепа. Краниотомия может выполняться как экстренно, в случае повышения внутричерепного давления, так и в плановом порядке при лечении новообразований онкологического генеза или абсцессов. Наличие в течение продолжительного времени обширного костного дефекта является причиной развития синдрома «трепанированного черепа». В настоящее время краниопластику осуществляют материалами синтетического или при- родного происхождения. К синтетическим материалам относят гидроксиапатит, трикальцийфосфат и по- лиметилметакрилат. К природным – ауто-, алло- и ксенотрансплантаты. Основным недостатком костных аутотрансплантатов остается их быстрый лизис. К наиболее перспективному решению данной проблемы может относиться метод лиофилизации с насыщением трансплантата факторами роста, источником которых может служить богатая тромбоцитами аутоплазма. Особо актуальным является разработка способов подготовки и сохранения аутотрансплантата, его модификации с целью повышения остеорепаративных свойств, что позволит вывести метод краниопластики природными трансплантатами на качественно но- вый уровень.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Объединить актуальные данные и результаты всестороннего анализа преимуществ и недостатков существующих костно-пластических материалов.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The need for cranioplasty occurs after the removal of the bony structures of the cranial vault. Craniotomy can be performed both in emergency as in case of increased intracranial pressure, and as a planned operation in the treatment of neoplasms or abscesses. A long-lasting presence of an extensive bone defect is the cause of the "trephined skull" syndrome development. Currently, cranioplasty is performed with materials of synthetic or natural origin. Synthetic materials include hydroxyapatite, tricalcium phosphate, polymethyl methacrylate. The natural materials include the auto-, allo- and xenografts. The main disadvantage of bone autografts is their rapid lysis. The most promising solution to this problem may include a lyophilization method with transplant saturation with growth factors, the source of which can be autoplasma rich in platelets. Of particular relevance is the development of methods for the preparation and preservation of an autograft, its modification in order to increase osteoreparative properties, which will bring the cranioplasty method with natural transplants to a whole new level.</p></sec><sec><title>The purpose of research</title><p>The purpose of research. Combine relevant data and the results of a comprehensive analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of existing bone-plastic materials.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>краниопластика</kwd><kwd>аутотрансплантат</kwd><kwd>аллотрансплантат</kwd><kwd>остеоиндукция</kwd><kwd>остеокондукция</kwd><kwd>нейрохирургия</kwd><kwd>аутопластика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cranioplasty</kwd><kwd>autograft</kwd><kwd>allograft</kwd><kwd>osteoinduction</kwd><kwd>osteoconduction</kwd><kwd>neurosurgery</kwd><kwd>autoplasty</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Andrabi S, Sarmast AH, Kirmani AR, Bhat AR. Cranioplasty: Indications, procedures, and outcome – An institutional experience. Surg Neurol Int. 2017;8(1):91. 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