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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">transplantologiya</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Трансплантология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Transplantologiya. The Russian Journal of Transplantation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-0506</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-0909</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IPO Association of Transplantologists</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23873/2074-0506-2022-14-3-265-277</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">transplantologiya-683</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ ТРАНСПЛАНТОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ACTUAL ISSUES OF TRANSPLANTATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Факторы риска отсроченной функции почечного трансплантата от посмертного донора</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Risk factors for delayed kidney graft function from a deseased donor</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0522-0681</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шабунин</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shabunin</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексей Васильевич Шабунин, акад. РАН, проф., д-р мед. наук, главный врач; заведующий кафедрой хирургии </p><p> 125284, Россия, Москва, 2-й Боткинский пр-д, д. 5 </p><p> 125993, Россия, Москва, Баррикадная ул., д. 2/1, стр. 1 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Aleksey V. Shabunin, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prof., Dr. Sci. (Med.), Head Physician; Head of the Department of Surgery</p><p> 5 2-nd Botkinskiy Dr., Moscow 125284 Russia </p><p> 2/1 Bldg. 1 Barrikadnaya St., Moscow 125993 Russia   </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8016-1610</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дроздов</surname><given-names>П. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Drozdov</surname><given-names>P. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Павел Алексеевич Дроздов, канд. мед. наук, заведующий отделением трансплантации органов и/или тканей человека </p><p> 125284, Россия, Москва, 2-й Боткинский пр-д, д. 5 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pavel A. Drozdov, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Department of Organ and/or Tissue Transplantation</p><p> 5 2-nd Botkinskiy Dr., Moscow 125284 Russia </p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dc.drozdov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3995-0324</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нестеренко</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nesterenko</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Игорь Викторович Нестеренко, д-р мед. наук, врач-хирург отделения трансплантации органов и/или тканей человека </p><p> 125284, Россия, Москва, 2-й Боткинский пр-д, д. 5 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor V. Nesterenko, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Surgeon, Department of Organ and/or Tissue Transplantation</p><p> 5 2-nd Botkinskiy Dr., Moscow 125284 Russia </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5237-4387</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макеев</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makeev</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитрий Александрович Макеев, канд. мед. наук, врач-хирург отделения трансплантации органов и/или тканей человека</p><p> 125284, Россия, Москва, 2-й Боткинский пр-д, д. 5 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitriy A. Makeev, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Surgeon, Department of Organ and/or Tissue Transplantation</p><p> 5 2-nd Botkinskiy Dr., Moscow 125284 Russia </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8225-0024</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Журавель</surname><given-names>О. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhuravel</surname><given-names>O. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Олеся Сергеевна Журавель, врач-хирург; старший лаборант кафедры хирургии </p><p> 125284, Россия, Москва, 2-й Боткинский пр-д, д. 5 </p><p> 125993, Россия, Москва, Баррикадная ул., д. 2/1, стр. 1 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olesya S. Zhuravel, Surgeon; Senior Laboratory Assistant, Department of Surgery</p><p> 5 2-nd Botkinskiy Dr., Moscow 125284 Russia </p><p> 2/1 Bldg. 1 Barrikadnaya St., Moscow 125993 Russia </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7774-1892</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Астапович</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Astapovich</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Александрович Астапович, клинический ординатор по специальности хирургия </p><p> 125284, Россия, Москва, 2-й Боткинский пр-д, д. 5 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey A. Astapovich, Clinical Resident in Surgery</p><p> 5 2-nd Botkinskiy Dr., Moscow 125284 Russia </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ ГКБ им. С.П. Боткина ДЗМ;&#13;
ФГБОУ ДПО РМАНПО МЗ РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>City Clinical Hospital n.a. S.P. Botkin;&#13;
Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education </institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ ГКБ им. С.П. Боткина ДЗМ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>City Clinical Hospital n.a. S.P. Botkin</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ ГКБ им. С.П. Боткина ДЗМ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>City Clinical Hospital n.a. S.P. Botkin </institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>09</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>265</fpage><lpage>277</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шабунин А.В., Дроздов П.А., Нестеренко И.В., Макеев Д.А., Журавель О.С., Астапович С.А., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шабунин А.В., Дроздов П.А., Нестеренко И.В., Макеев Д.А., Журавель О.С., Астапович С.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shabunin A.V., Drozdov P.A., Nesterenko I.V., Makeev D.A., Zhuravel O.S., Astapovich S.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.jtransplantologiya.ru/jour/article/view/683">https://www.jtransplantologiya.ru/jour/article/view/683</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель. Определить статистически значимые факторы риска отсроченной функции почечного трансплантата. Оценить влияние наличия отсроченной функции почечного трансплантата на развитие других осложнений, выживаемость трансплантатов и реципиентов.Материал и методы. Функция почечного трансплантата была оценена у 237 последовательных реципиентов в раннем послеоперационном периоде (наблюдения проводились с июня 2018 по декабрь 2021). Отсроченной функцией считали необходимость проведения гемодиализа в первую неделю после операции. В числе донорских факторов были оценены тип донора, возраст, индекс массы тела, наличие вазопрессорной поддержки, время нахождения донора в реанимации, максимальный уровень креатинина за время наблюдения. К факторам риска со стороны реципиента были отнесены: возраст, пол, индекс массы тела, наличие/отсутствие и количество мочи, наличие предсуществующих анти-HLA-антител и/или повторной трансплантации почки, число несовпадений по шести HLA-антигенам, число несовпадений по HLA-DR, наличие и вид заместительной почечной терапии, этиология терминальной хронической почечной недостаточности. Среди периоперационных факторов риска были проанализированы длительность холодовой консервации, время вторичной тепловой ишемии, объем интраоперационной кровопотери, интраоперационно определенный индекс резистентности артериального кровотока почечного трансплантата и максимальная концентрация такролимуса в первые 4 суток после трансплантации почки. После этого оценили связь наличия отсроченной функции почечного трансплантата с развитием ранних послеоперационных осложнений и проанализировали его влияние на отдаленную выживаемость трансплантатов и реципиентов.Результаты. Из 237 наблюдений в 9 было зафиксировано отсутствие функции трансплантированной почки, в связи с чем трансплантаты были удалены. Частота развития отсроченной функции почечного трансплантата составила 24,5% (58/237). По результатам однофакторного анализа статистически значимая связь с развитием отсроченной функции почечного трансплантата отмечена по следующим параметрам: индекс массы тела донора (p=0,019), мужской пол реципиента (p=0,048), индекс массы тела реципиента (p=0,038), количество мочи (p=0,003), анурия до выполнения изъятия почек (p=0,002), наличие предсуществующих антител (p=0,025), повторная трансплантация (p=0,002), время вторичной тепловой ишемии (p=0,036), интраоперационный индекс резистентности (p=0,004) и максимальная концентрация такролимуса в первые 4 суток (p=0,022). В многофакторной модели статистической значимости достигли: индекс массы тела донора &gt;30 кг/м2 и наибольшая нулевая концентрация такролимуса в первые 4 суток &gt;23 нг/мл (р=0,018 и р=0,025 соответственно). Тенденция к статистической значимости была отмечена при наличии олигоанурии перед трансплантацией почки (р=0,066) и индексе резистентности &gt;0,75 после операции (р=0,056). Однолетняя выживаемость почечных трансплантатов как при отсутствии, так и при наличии отсроченной функции почечного трансплантата составила 92,4% и 87,7%, двухлетняя – 89,4% и 76,1% соответственно. Влияние отсроченной функции почечного трансплантата на выживаемость трансплантатов было статистически значимым (р=0,011), в то время как общая выживаемость реципиентов не отличалась между группами.Заключение. В однофакторном анализе мы выявили 9 статистически значимых факторов, из которых, как минимум, 3 являются потенциально модифицируемыми. В многофакторной модели наиболее весомым модифицируемым фактором риска стала повышенная концентрация такролимуса, что побудило авторов пересмотреть существующий в ГКБ им. С.П. Боткина протокол иммуносупрессивной терапии. Важной задачей каждого центра трансплантации почки мы считаем поиск модифицируемых статистически значимых факторов риска для своих пациентов, их анализ и внедрение профилактических мер.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Aim. To determine statistically significant risk factors for delayed renal graft function. To assess the impact of delayed kidney graft function on the development of other complications, graft and recipient survival.Material and methods. In 237 consecutive kidney transplant recipients (from June 2018 to December 2021), we assessed its function in the early postoperative period. Delayed function was considered to be the need for hemodialysis in the first week after surgery. Among the donor factors, the type of donor, age, body mass index, the presence of vasopressor support, the time the donor was in intensive care, and the maximum level of creatinine during the follow-up were evaluated. Recipient risk factors include age, gender, body mass index, presence/absence and amount of urine, presence of preformed anti-HLA antibodies and/or repeated kidney transplantation, number of mismatches for six HLA antigens, number of mismatches for HLA-DR, presence and type of renal replacement therapy, etiology of end stage kidney disease. Among the perioperative risk factors are the duration of cold preservation, the time of second warm ischemia, the volume of intraoperative blood loss, the intraoperatively determined renal arterial resistive index of the renal graft, and the maximum concentration of tacrolimus in the first 4 days after kidney transplantation. After that the relationship between the presence of delayed kidney graft function and the development of early postoperative complications was assessed and its effect on the long-term survival of grafts and recipients was analyzed.Results. Out of 237 cases, 9 showed no function of the transplanted kidney, and therefore the grafts were removed. The incidence of delayed renal graft function was 24.5% (58/237). According to the results of a univariate analysis, a statistically significant relationship with the development of delayed kidney graft function had donor body mass index (p=0.019), male gender of the recipient (p=0.048), recipient body mass index (p=0.038), amount of urine (p=0.003), anuria (p=0.002), presence of preformed antibodies (p=0.025), repeated transplantation (p=0.002), time of second warm ischemia (p=0.036), intraoperative renal arterial resistive index (p=0.004) and maximum tacrolimus concentration in the first 4 days (p=0.022). In the multivariate model, donor body mass index &gt;30 kg/m2 and peak tacrolimus concentration &gt;23 ng/mL in the first 4 days were statistically significant (p=0.018 and p=0.025, respectively). A trend towards statistical significance was noted in the presence of oligoanuria before kidney transplantation (p=0.066) and resistance index &gt;0.75 after surgery (p=0.056). One-year renal transplant survival in the absence and presence of delayed kidney graft function was 92.4% and 87.7%, two-year survival was 89.4% and 76.1%, respectively. The effect of delayed kidney graft function on graft survival was statistically significant (p=0.01), while overall recipient survival did not differ between the groups.Conclusion. During the univariate analysis, we identified 9 statistically significant factors, of which at least 3 are potentially modifiable. In the multivariate model, the most significant modifiable risk factor was an increased concentration of tacrolimus, which prompted the authors to reconsider the existing immunosuppressive protocol at the City Clinical Hospital n.a. S.P. Botkin. We consider the search for modifiable statistically significant risk factors for patients, their analysis and implementation of preventive measures to be an important task for each kidney transplant center.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>трансплантация почки</kwd><kwd>отсроченная функция почечного трансплантата</kwd><kwd>факторы риска</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>kidney transplantation</kwd><kwd>delayed kidney graft function</kwd><kwd>risk factors</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chadban SJ, Ahn C, Axelrod DA, Foster BJ, Kasiske BL, Kher V, et al. 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