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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">transplantologiya</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Трансплантология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Transplantologiya. The Russian Journal of Transplantation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-0506</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-0909</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IPO Association of Transplantologists</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23873/2074-0506-2022-14-3-357-370</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">transplantologiya-691</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРНЫЕ СТАТЬИ И ЛЕКЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW ARTICLES AND LECTURES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Легко сказать, трудно сделать. К юбилею двух фундаментальных открытий. Часть 1</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Easy to say, hard to do. To the anniversary of two fundamental discoveries. Part 1</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4156-434X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Анисимов</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Anisimov</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Андрей Юрьевич Анисимов, проф., д-р мед. наук, заведующий кафедрой неотложной медицинской помощи и симуляционной медицины Института фундаментальной медицины и биологии  </p><p> Россия, 420008, Казань, Кремлевская ул., д. 18 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey Yu. Anisimov, Prof., Dr. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Department of Emergency Medical Care and Simulation Medicine</p><p> 18 Kremlevskaya St., Kazan 420008 Russia </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aanisimovbsmp@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Казанский (Приволжский) федеральный университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology of Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>09</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>357</fpage><lpage>370</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Анисимов А.Ю., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Анисимов А.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Anisimov A.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.jtransplantologiya.ru/jour/article/view/691">https://www.jtransplantologiya.ru/jour/article/view/691</self-uri><abstract><p>В преддверии юбилейных дат двух исторических событий: 145-летия со дня экспериментального выполнения фистулы Экка и 55-летия со дня успешной клинической апробации операции селективного дистального спленоренального анастомоза, проведен ретроспективный анализ ключевых исторических этапов развития хирургии портальной гипертензии от первых попыток описания анатомии сосудистой системы печени, объяснения ее предназначения в организме, разработки прямого портокавального соустья, широкого применения селективных спленоренальных анастомозов, до методики Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt) и ортотопической трансплантации печени. При этом акценты сфокусированы на наиболее ярких персонажах исследователей и клиницистов, которые прошли этот путь. Обоснована целесообразность комплексного подхода в решении проблем портальной гипертензии с развитием как фундаментальных, так и прикладных клинических и организационных аспектов. Показано, что открытия, рожденные при обобщении результатов, достигнутых многочисленными исследователями, способствовали лучшему пониманию этой области медицины, стали прочным фундаментом современной лечебно-диагностической программы того, что мы имеем сегодня и являются надежной площадкой для будущих перспективных разработок успешного старта в будущее.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>On the eve of the anniversaries of two historical events: the 145th anniversary of the experiments in which Eck's fistula was performed and the 55th anniversary of the successful clinical approbation of the selective distal splenorenal anastomosis, a retrospective analysis of the key historical stages in the development of portal hypertension surgery from the first attempts to describe the anatomy of the hepatic vascular system, explaining its purpose in the body, the development of direct portocaval anastomosis, the widespread use of selective splenorenal anastomoses, to the Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt procedure and orthotopic liver transplantation. At the same time, the emphasis is focused on the most colorful characters of researchers and clinicians who passed this path. The expediency of an integrated approach in solving the problems of portal hypertension with the development of both fundamental and applied clinical and organizational aspects is substantiated. It is shown that the discoveries born from the generalization of the results achieved by numerous researchers have contributed to a better understanding of this field of medicine, have become a solid foundation for what we have today and are a reliable platform for a successful start into the future.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>история медицины</kwd><kwd>портальная гипертензия</kwd><kwd>хирургическое лечение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>history of medicine</kwd><kwd>portal hypertension</kwd><kwd>surgical treatment</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aeschylus. Prometheus Bound and Seven Against Thebes. Philadelphia: D. McKay, 1897.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aeschylus. Prometheus Bound and Seven Against Thebes. Philadelphia: D. 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