transplantologiyaТрансплантологияTransplantologiya. The Russian Journal of Transplantation2074-05062542-0909IPO Association of Transplantologists10.23873/2074-0506-2023-15-1-79-88transplantologiya-747Research ArticleОБЗОРНЫЕ СТАТЬИ И ЛЕКЦИИREVIEW ARTICLES AND LECTURESВопросы подготовки к внедрению в клиническую практику трансплантации маткиIssues of preparation for implementing uterine transplantation in clinical practicehttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7402-9277ПолстянойА. М.PolstianoyA. M.

Алексей Михайлович Полстяной, канд. мед. наук,  директор Центра здоровья супружеской пары 

 660037, Россия, Красноярск, Коломенская ул., д. 26 

Aleksey M. Polstianoy - Cand. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Married Couple Health Center

 26 Kolomenskaya St., Krasnoyarsk 660037 Russia 

polstaynoy_am@skc-fmba.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9006-163XГубаревК. К.GubarevK. K.

Константин Константинович Губарев - канд. мед. наук, заведующий хирургическим отделением  координации донорства органов и тканей человека 

123098, Россия, Москва, ул. Маршала Новикова, д. 23 

 Konstantin K. Gubarev - Cand. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Surgical Department for the Coordination of Human Organ and Tissue Donation

 23 Marshal Novikov St., Moscow 123098 Russia 

 

ПолстянаяЮ. О.PolstianayaO. Yu.

Оксана Юрьевна Полстяная - заместитель главного врача по хирургии 

 660037, Россия, Красноярск, Коломенская ул., д. 26 

Oksana Yu. Polstianaya - Deputy Chief Physician for Surgery

 26 Kolomenskaya St., Krasnoyarsk 660037 Russia 

РендашкинИ. В.RendashkinI. V.

Иван Викторович Рендашкин - врач-уролог гинекологического отделения  

 660037, Россия, Красноярск, Коломенская ул., д. 26 

Ivan V. Rendashkin - Urologist of the Gynecological Department

 26 Kolomenskaya St., Krasnoyarsk 660037 Russia 

ФГБУ «Федеральный сибирский научно-клинический центр ФМБА России»РоссияFederal Siberian Research Clinical Centre of Federal Medical Biological AgencyRussian FederationФГБУ ГНЦ ФМБЦ им. А.И. Бурназяна ФМБА РоссииРоссияState Research Center – Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological AgencyRussian Federation2023190320231517988Copyright © Полстяной А.М., Губарев К.К., Полстяная Ю.О., Рендашкин И.В., 20232023Полстяной А.М., Губарев К.К., Полстяная Ю.О., Рендашкин И.В.Polstianoy A.M., Gubarev K.K., Polstianaya O.Y., Rendashkin I.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.jtransplantologiya.ru/jour/article/view/747

Абсолютная форма бесплодия маточного генеза является причиной женского бесплодия, не поддающегося лечению. Суррогатное материнство стало единственным вариантом, позволяющим этой группе пациентов достичь генетического, но не биологического материнства. В России по статистике более 30 тыс. женщин фертильного возраста не могут забеременеть по причине абсолютной формы бесплодия маточного генеза. Появившаяся недавно возможность трансплантации матки стала единственным способом лечения такого рода женского бесплодия.До первого клинического исследования по пересадке матки у человека в 2013 году в Швеции учеными проводились систематические исследования на животных – грызунах, свиньях, крупном рогатом скоте и приматах. Первое клиническое исследование завершилось рождением живого ребенка после трансплантации матки в сентябре 2014 года. В настоящее время случаи успешной трансплантации матки у человека зарегистрированы в Швеции, Бразилии, США и Италии. Опыт и практика в исследованиях, проводимых на животных, сыграли ключевую роль в успехе первого клинического исследования по пересадке матки. Применение этого метода является основополагающим при внедрении научно-обоснованной технологии пересадки матки в России.Цель. Анализ проблем, связанных с разработкой и внедрением метода трансплантации матки в мире на основе обзора литературы.

The absolute uterine factor infertility is a non-treatable cause of female infertility. Surrogacy has become the only option that allows this group of patients to achieve genetic, although biological motherhood. According to statistics there are more than 30 thousand women of fertile age in Russia who cannot get pregnant due to the absolute uterine factor infertility. The recently emerged possibility of uterine transplantation has become the only treatment for this kind of female infertility.Prior to the very first clinical study of human uterine transplantation which was carried out in 2013 in Sweden, scientists had conducted systematic studies in animals (rodents, pigs, cattle and primates). The first clinical trial with the uterine transplantation performed resulted in a live birth in September 2014. Currently, cases of successful uterine transplantation in humans have been reported in Sweden, Brazil, USA and Italy. Experience and practice in animal research played a key role in the success of the first clinical study on uterine transplantation. The application of this method is fundamental in the introduction of the scientifically grounded technology of uterine transplantation in Russia.Aim. Analysis of the problems of the clinical application of the uterine transplantation based on a literature review.

маточное бесплодиерепродуктивная медицинавспомогательные репродуктивные технологииuterine infertilityreproductive medicineassisted reproductive technologiesИсследование выполнено в рамках государственного задания за счет средств Федерального медико-биологического агентства.ReferencesBrännström M, Johannesson L, Bokström H, Kvarnström N, Mölne J,Dahm-Kähler P, et al. Livebirth after uterus transplantation. Lancet. 2015;385(9968):607–616. PMID: 25301505 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61728-1Brännström M, Johannesson L, Bokström H, Kvarnström N, Mölne J,Dahm-Kähler P, et al. Livebirth after uterus transplantation. Lancet. 2015;385(9968):607–616. PMID: 25301505 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61728-1Chan YY, Jayaprakasan K, Tan A, Thornton JG, Coomarasamy A, RaineFenning NJ. Reproductive outcomes in women with congenital uterine anomalies: a systematic review. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2011;38(4):371–382. PMID: 21830244 https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.10056Chan YY, Jayaprakasan K, Tan A, Thornton JG, Coomarasamy A, RaineFenning NJ. Reproductive outcomes in women with congenital uterine anomalies: a systematic review. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2011;38(4):371–382. PMID: 21830244 https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.10056Sieunarine K, Zakaria FB, Boyle DC, Corlesset DJ, Noakes DE, Lindsay I, et al. Possibilities for fertility restoration: a new surgical technique. Int Surg. 2005;90(5):249–256. PMID: 16625941 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertn-stert.2005.07.1229Sieunarine K, Zakaria FB, Boyle DC, Corlesset DJ, Noakes DE, Lindsay I, et al. Possibilities for fertility restoration: a new surgical technique. Int Surg. 2005;90(5):249–256. PMID: 16625941 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertn-stert.2005.07.1229Brinsden PR. Gestational surrogacy. Hum Reprod Update. 2003;9(5):483–491. PMID: 14640380 https://doi.org/10.1093/humupd/dmg033Brinsden PR. Gestational surrogacy. Hum Reprod Update. 2003;9(5):483–491. PMID: 14640380 https://doi.org/10.1093/humupd/dmg033Brännström M, Diaz-Garcia C, Hanafy A, Olausson M, Tzakis A. Uterus transplantation: animal research and human possibilities. Fertil Steril. 2012;97(6):1269–1276. PMID: 22542990 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertn-stert.2012.04.001Brännström M, Diaz-Garcia C, Hanafy A, Olausson M, Tzakis A. Uterus transplantation: animal research and human possibilities. Fertil Steril. 2012;97(6):1269–1276. PMID: 22542990 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertn-stert.2012.04.001McCulloch P, Altman DG, Campbell WB, Flum DR, Glasziou P, Marshall JC, et al. No surgical innovation without evaluation: the IDEAL recommendations. Lancet. 2009;374(9695):1105–1112. PMID: 19782876 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(09)61116-8McCulloch P, Altman DG, Campbell WB, Flum DR, Glasziou P, Marshall JC, et al. No surgical innovation without evaluation: the IDEAL recommendations. Lancet. 2009;374(9695):1105–1112. PMID: 19782876 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(09)61116-8El-Akouri RR, Kurlberg G, Dindelegan G, Mölne J, Wallin A, Brännström M. Heterotopic uterine transplantation by vascular anastomosis in the mouse. J Endocrinol. 2002;174(2):157–166. PMID: 12176655 https://doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1740157El-Akouri RR, Kurlberg G, Dindelegan G, Mölne J, Wallin A, Brännström M. Heterotopic uterine transplantation by vascular anastomosis in the mouse. J Endocrinol. 2002;174(2):157–166. PMID: 12176655 https://doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1740157Racho El-Akouri R, Kurlberg G, Brännström M. Successful uterine transplantation in the mouse: pregnancy and postnatal development of offspring. Hum Reprod. 2003;18(10):2018–2023. PMID: 14507815 https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deg396Racho El-Akouri R, Kurlberg G, Brännström M. Successful uterine transplantation in the mouse: pregnancy and postnatal development of offspring. Hum Reprod. 2003;18(10):2018–2023. PMID: 14507815 https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deg396Wranning CA, Akhi SN, Kurlberg G, Brännström M. Uterus transplantation in the rat: model development, surgical learning and morphological evaluation of healing. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2008;87(11):1239–1247. PMID: 18951268 https://doi.org/10.1080/00016340802484966Wranning CA, Akhi SN, Kurlberg G, Brännström M. Uterus transplantation in the rat: model development, surgical learning and morphological evaluation of healing. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2008;87(11):1239–1247. PMID: 18951268 https://doi.org/10.1080/00016340802484966Saso S, Petts G, Chatterjee J, Thum MY, David AL, Corless D, et al. Uterine allotransplantation in a rabbit model using aorto-caval anastomosis: a long-term viability study. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2014;182:185–193. PMID: 25306223 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2014.09.029Saso S, Petts G, Chatterjee J, Thum MY, David AL, Corless D, et al. Uterine allotransplantation in a rabbit model using aorto-caval anastomosis: a long-term viability study. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2014;182:185–193. PMID: 25306223 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2014.09.029Avison DL, DeFaria W, Tryphonopoulos P, Tekin A, Attia GR, Takahashi H, et al. Heterotopic uterus transplantation in a swine model. Transplantation. 2009;88(4):465–469. PMID: 19696628 https://doi.org/10.1097/TP.0b013e3181b07666Avison DL, DeFaria W, Tryphonopoulos P, Tekin A, Attia GR, Takahashi H, et al. Heterotopic uterus transplantation in a swine model. Transplantation. 2009;88(4):465–469. PMID: 19696628 https://doi.org/10.1097/TP.0b013e3181b07666Wranning CA, Marcickiewicz J, Enskog A, Dahm-Kähler P, Hanafy A, Brännström M. Fertility after autologous ovine uterine-tubal-ovarian transplantation by vascular anastomosis to the external iliac vessels. Hum Reprod. 2010;25(8):1973–1979. PMID: 20519245 https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deq130Wranning CA, Marcickiewicz J, Enskog A, Dahm-Kähler P, Hanafy A, Brännström M. Fertility after autologous ovine uterine-tubal-ovarian transplantation by vascular anastomosis to the external iliac vessels. Hum Reprod. 2010;25(8):1973–1979. PMID: 20519245 https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deq130Ramirez ER, Ramirez DK, Pillari VT, Vasquez H, Ramirez HA. Modified uterine transplant procedure in the sheep model. J Minim Invasive Gynecol. 2008;15(3):311–314. PMID: 18439503 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmig.2008.01.014Ramirez ER, Ramirez DK, Pillari VT, Vasquez H, Ramirez HA. Modified uterine transplant procedure in the sheep model. J Minim Invasive Gynecol. 2008;15(3):311–314. PMID: 18439503 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmig.2008.01.014Wei L, Xue T, Yang H, Zhao GY, Zhang G, Lu ZH, et al. Modified uterine allotransplantation and immunosuppression procedure in the sheep model. PLoS One. 2013;8(11):e81300. PMID: 24278415 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0081300Wei L, Xue T, Yang H, Zhao GY, Zhang G, Lu ZH, et al. Modified uterine allotransplantation and immunosuppression procedure in the sheep model. PLoS One. 2013;8(11):e81300. PMID: 24278415 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0081300Gauthier T, Bertin F, Fourcade L, Maubon A, Marcoux FS, Piver P, et al. Uterine allotransplantation in ewes using an aortocava patch. Hum Reprod. 2011;26(11):3028–3036. PMID: 21896546 https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/der288Gauthier T, Bertin F, Fourcade L, Maubon A, Marcoux FS, Piver P, et al. Uterine allotransplantation in ewes using an aortocava patch. Hum Reprod. 2011;26(11):3028–3036. PMID: 21896546 https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/der288Gonzalez-Pinto IM, Tryphonopoulos P, Avison DL, Nishida S, Tekin A, Santiago S, et al. Uterus transplantation model in sheep with heterotopic whole graft and aorta and cava anastomoses. Transplant Proc. 2013;45(5):1802–1804. PMID: 23769047 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.transproceed.2012.08.024Gonzalez-Pinto IM, Tryphonopoulos P, Avison DL, Nishida S, Tekin A, Santiago S, et al. Uterus transplantation model in sheep with heterotopic whole graft and aorta and cava anastomoses. Transplant Proc. 2013;45(5):1802–1804. PMID: 23769047 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.transproceed.2012.08.024Enskog A, Johannesson L, Chai DC, Dahm-Kähler P, Marcickiewicz J, Nyachieo A, et al. Uterus transplantation in the baboon: methodology and long-term function after auto-transplantation. Hum Reprod. 2010;25(8):1980–1987. PMID: 20519250 https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deq109Enskog A, Johannesson L, Chai DC, Dahm-Kähler P, Marcickiewicz J, Nyachieo A, et al. Uterus transplantation in the baboon: methodology and long-term function after auto-transplantation. Hum Reprod. 2010;25(8):1980–1987. PMID: 20519250 https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deq109Johannesson L, Enskog A, DahmKähler P, Hanafy A, Chai DC, Mwenda JM, et al. Uterus transplantation in a non-human primate: long-term followup after autologous transplantation. Hum Reprod. 2012;27(6):1640–1648. PMID: 22454459 https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/des093Johannesson L, Enskog A, DahmKähler P, Hanafy A, Chai DC, Mwenda JM, et al. Uterus transplantation in a non-human primate: long-term followup after autologous transplantation. Hum Reprod. 2012;27(6):1640–1648. PMID: 22454459 https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/des093Johannesson L, Enskog A, Mölne J, Diaz-Garcia C, Hanafy A, DahmKähler P, et al. Preclinical report on allogeneic uterus transplantation in non-human primates. Hum Reprod. 2013;28(1):189–198. PMID: 23108346 https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/des381Johannesson L, Enskog A, Mölne J, Diaz-Garcia C, Hanafy A, DahmKähler P, et al. Preclinical report on allogeneic uterus transplantation in non-human primates. Hum Reprod. 2013;28(1):189–198. PMID: 23108346 https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/des381Tryphonopoulos P, Tzakis AG, Tekin A, Johannesson L, Rivas K, Morales PR, et al. Allogeneic uterus transplantation in baboons: surgical technique and challenges to long-term graft survival. Transplantation. 2014;98(5):e51–e56. PMID: 25171537 https://doi.org/10.1097/TP.0000000000000322Tryphonopoulos P, Tzakis AG, Tekin A, Johannesson L, Rivas K, Morales PR, et al. Allogeneic uterus transplantation in baboons: surgical technique and challenges to long-term graft survival. Transplantation. 2014;98(5):e51–e56. PMID: 25171537 https://doi.org/10.1097/TP.0000000000000322Kisu I, Mihara M, Banno K, Hara H, Yamamoto T, Araki J, et al. A new surgical technique of uterine autotransplantation in cynomolgus monkey: preliminary report about two cases. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2012;285(1):129–137. PMID: 21475964 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-011-1901-2Kisu I, Mihara M, Banno K, Hara H, Yamamoto T, Araki J, et al. A new surgical technique of uterine autotransplantation in cynomolgus monkey: preliminary report about two cases. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2012;285(1):129–137. PMID: 21475964 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-011-1901-2Mihara M, Kisu I, Hara H, Iida T, Yamamoto T, Araki J, et al. Uterus autotransplantation in cynomolgus macaques: intraoperative evaluation of uterine blood flow using indocyanine green. Hum Reprod. 2011;26(11):3019–3027. PMID: 21896548 https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/der276Mihara M, Kisu I, Hara H, Iida T, Yamamoto T, Araki J, et al. Uterus autotransplantation in cynomolgus macaques: intraoperative evaluation of uterine blood flow using indocyanine green. Hum Reprod. 2011;26(11):3019–3027. PMID: 21896548 https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/der276Kisu I, Mihara M, Banno K, Hara H, Masugi Y, Araki J, et al. Uterus allotransplantation in cynomolgus macaque: A preliminary experience with non-human primate models. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2014;40(4):907–918. PMID: 24612366 https://doi.org/10.1111/jog.12302Kisu I, Mihara M, Banno K, Hara H, Masugi Y, Araki J, et al. Uterus allotransplantation in cynomolgus macaque: A preliminary experience with non-human primate models. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2014;40(4):907–918. PMID: 24612366 https://doi.org/10.1111/jog.12302El-Akouri R, Wranning CA, Mölne J, Kurlberg G, Brännström M, et al. Pregnancy in transplanted mouse uterus after long-term cold ischaemic preservation. Hum Reprod. 2003;18(10):2024–2030. PMID: 14507816 https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deg395El-Akouri R, Wranning CA, Mölne J, Kurlberg G, Brännström M, et al. Pregnancy in transplanted mouse uterus after long-term cold ischaemic preservation. Hum Reprod. 2003;18(10):2024–2030. PMID: 14507816 https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deg395Tricard J, Ponsonnard S, Tholance Y, Mesturoux L, Lachatre D, Couquet C, et al. Uterus tolerance to extended cold ischemic storage after auto-transplantation in ewes. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2017;214:162–167. PMID: 28535402 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2017.05.013Tricard J, Ponsonnard S, Tholance Y, Mesturoux L, Lachatre D, Couquet C, et al. Uterus tolerance to extended cold ischemic storage after auto-transplantation in ewes. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2017;214:162–167. PMID: 28535402 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2017.05.013Díaz-García C, Akhi SN, MartínezVarea A, Brännström M. The effect of warm ischemia at uterus transplantation in a rat model. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2013;92(2):152–159. PMID: 23061896 https://doi.org/10.1111/aogs.12027Díaz-García C, Akhi SN, MartínezVarea A, Brännström M. The effect of warm ischemia at uterus transplantation in a rat model. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2013;92(2):152–159. PMID: 23061896 https://doi.org/10.1111/aogs.12027Adachi M, Kisu I, Nagai T, Emoto K, Banno K, Umene K, et al. Evaluation of allowable time and histopathological changes in warm ischemia of the uterus in cynomolgus monkey as a model for uterus transplantation. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2016;95(9):991–998. PMID: 27329637 https://doi.org/10.1111/aogs.12943Adachi M, Kisu I, Nagai T, Emoto K, Banno K, Umene K, et al. Evaluation of allowable time and histopathological changes in warm ischemia of the uterus in cynomolgus monkey as a model for uterus transplantation. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2016;95(9):991–998. PMID: 27329637 https://doi.org/10.1111/aogs.12943Akhi SN, Diaz-Garcia C, ElAkouri RR, Wranning CA, Mölne J, Brännström M, et al. Uterine rejection after allogeneic uterus transplantation in the rat is effectively suppressed by tacrolimus. Fertil Steril. 2013;99(3):862–870. PMID: 23218920 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.11.002Akhi SN, Diaz-Garcia C, ElAkouri RR, Wranning CA, Mölne J, Brännström M, et al. Uterine rejection after allogeneic uterus transplantation in the rat is effectively suppressed by tacrolimus. Fertil Steril. 2013;99(3):862–870. PMID: 23218920 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.11.002Groth K, Akhi SN, Mölne J, Wranning CA, Brännström M. Effects of immunosuppression by cyclosporine A on allogenic uterine transplant in the rat. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2012;163(1):97-103. PMID: 22502817 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2012.03.026Groth K, Akhi SN, Mölne J, Wranning CA, Brännström M. Effects of immunosuppression by cyclosporine A on allogenic uterine transplant in the rat. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2012;163(1):97-103. PMID: 22502817 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2012.03.026El-Akouri RR, Mölne J, Groth K, Kurlberg G, Brännström M. Rejection patterns in allogeneic uterus transplantation in the mouse. Hum Reprod. 2006;21(2):436–442. PMID: 16253976 https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dei349El-Akouri RR, Mölne J, Groth K, Kurlberg G, Brännström M. Rejection patterns in allogeneic uterus transplantation in the mouse. Hum Reprod. 2006;21(2):436–442. PMID: 16253976 https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dei349Groth K, Akouri R, Wranning CA, Molne J, Brannstrom M. Rejection of allogenic uterus transplant in the mouse: time-dependent and site-specific infiltration of leukocyte subtypes. Hum Reprod. 2009;24(11):2746–2754. PMID: 19617209 https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dep248Groth K, Akouri R, Wranning CA, Molne J, Brannstrom M. Rejection of allogenic uterus transplant in the mouse: time-dependent and site-specific infiltration of leukocyte subtypes. Hum Reprod. 2009;24(11):2746–2754. PMID: 19617209 https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dep248Wranning CA, Akhi SN, Diaz-Garcia C, Brannstrom M. Pregnancy after syngeneic uterus transplantation and spontaneous mating in the rat. Hum Reprod. 2011;26(3):553–558. PMID: 21159686 https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deq358Wranning CA, Akhi SN, Diaz-Garcia C, Brannstrom M. Pregnancy after syngeneic uterus transplantation and spontaneous mating in the rat. Hum Reprod. 2011;26(3):553–558. PMID: 21159686 https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deq358Mihara M, Kisu I, Hara H, Iida T, Araki J, Shim T, et al. Uterine autotransplantation in cynomolgus macaques: the first case of pregnancy and delivery. Hum Reprod. 2012;27(8):2332–2340. PMID: 22647448 https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/des169Mihara M, Kisu I, Hara H, Iida T, Araki J, Shim T, et al. Uterine autotransplantation in cynomolgus macaques: the first case of pregnancy and delivery. Hum Reprod. 2012;27(8):2332–2340. PMID: 22647448 https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/des169Díaz-García C, Akhi SN, Wallin A, Pellicer A, Brännström M. First report on fertility after allogeneic uterus transplantation. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2010;89(11):1491–1494. PMID: 20879912 https://doi.org/10.3109/00016349.2010.520688Díaz-García C, Akhi SN, Wallin A, Pellicer A, Brännström M. First report on fertility after allogeneic uterus transplantation. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2010;89(11):1491–1494. PMID: 20879912 https://doi.org/10.3109/00016349.2010.520688Saso S, Petts G, David AL, Thum MY, Chatterjee J, Vicente JS, et al. Achieving an early pregnancy following allogeneic uterine transplantation in a rabbit model. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2015;185:164–169. PMID: 25590500 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2014.12.017Saso S, Petts G, David AL, Thum MY, Chatterjee J, Vicente JS, et al. Achieving an early pregnancy following allogeneic uterine transplantation in a rabbit model. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2015;185:164–169. PMID: 25590500 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2014.12.017Ramirez ER, Ramirez Nessetti DK, Nessetti MB, Khatamee M, Wolfson MR, et al. Pregnancy and outcome of uterine allotransplantation and assisted reproduction in sheep. J Minim Invasive Gynecol. 2011;18(2):238–245. PMID: 21354071 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmig.2010.11.006Ramirez ER, Ramirez Nessetti DK, Nessetti MB, Khatamee M, Wolfson MR, et al. Pregnancy and outcome of uterine allotransplantation and assisted reproduction in sheep. J Minim Invasive Gynecol. 2011;18(2):238–245. PMID: 21354071 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmig.2010.11.006Díaz-García C, Johannesson L, Shao R, Bilig H, Brännström M. Pregnancy after allogeneic uterus transplantation in the rat: perinatal outcome and growth trajectory. Fertil Steril. 2014;102(6):1545–1552.e1. PMID: 25439799 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.09.010Díaz-García C, Johannesson L, Shao R, Bilig H, Brännström M. Pregnancy after allogeneic uterus transplantation in the rat: perinatal outcome and growth trajectory. Fertil Steril. 2014;102(6):1545–1552.e1. PMID: 25439799 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.09.010Wranning C, Mölne J, El-Akouri R, Kurlberg G, Brännström M. Shortterm ischaemic storage of human uterine myometrium-basic studies towards uterine transplantation. Hum Reprod. 2005;20(10):2736–2744. PMID: 15980004 https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dei125Wranning C, Mölne J, El-Akouri R, Kurlberg G, Brännström M. Shortterm ischaemic storage of human uterine myometrium-basic studies towards uterine transplantation. Hum Reprod. 2005;20(10):2736–2744. PMID: 15980004 https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dei125Del Priore G, Stega J, Sieunarine K, Ungar L, Smith J. Human uterus retrieval from a multi-organ donor. Obstet Gynecol. 2007;109(1):101–104. PMID: 17197594 https://doi.org/10.1097/01.aog.0000248535.58004.2fDel Priore G, Stega J, Sieunarine K, Ungar L, Smith J. Human uterus retrieval from a multi-organ donor. Obstet Gynecol. 2007;109(1):101–104. PMID: 17197594 https://doi.org/10.1097/01.aog.0000248535.58004.2fGauthier T, Piver P, Pichon N, Bibes R, Guillaudeau A, Piccardo A, et al. Uterus retrieval process from brain dead donors. Fertil Steril. 2014;102(2):476–482. PMID: 24837613 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.04.016Gauthier T, Piver P, Pichon N, Bibes R, Guillaudeau A, Piccardo A, et al. Uterus retrieval process from brain dead donors. Fertil Steril. 2014;102(2):476–482. PMID: 24837613 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.04.016Johannesson L, Diaz-Garcia C, Leonhardt H, Dahm-Kähler P, Marcickiewicz J, Olausson M, et al. Vascular pedicle lengths after hysterectomy: toward future human uterus transplantation. Obstet Gynecol. 2012;119(6):1219–1225. PMID: 22617587 https://doi.org/10.1097/AOG.0b013e318255006fJohannesson L, Diaz-Garcia C, Leonhardt H, Dahm-Kähler P, Marcickiewicz J, Olausson M, et al. Vascular pedicle lengths after hysterectomy: toward future human uterus transplantation. Obstet Gynecol. 2012;119(6):1219–1225. PMID: 22617587 https://doi.org/10.1097/AOG.0b013e318255006f

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.