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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">transplantologiya</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Трансплантология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Transplantologiya. The Russian Journal of Transplantation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-0506</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-0909</issn><publisher><publisher-name>IPO Association of Transplantologists</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.23873/2074-0506-2025-17-1-76-89</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">transplantologiya-968</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРНЫЕ СТАТЬИ И ЛЕКЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW ARTICLES AND LECTURES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Проблемы хирургического лечения глубоких ожогов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Problems of surgical treatment of deep burns</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7070-8512</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Спиридонова</surname><given-names>Т. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Spiridonova</surname><given-names>T. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тамара Георгиевна Спиридонова, д-р мед. наук, научный консультант отделения острых термических поражений, </p><p>129090, Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., д. 3.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tamara G. Spiridonova, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Scientific Consultant, Department of Acute Thermal Injury, </p><p>3, Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq., Moscow, 129090. </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">spiridonovatg@sklif.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9862-0229</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жиркова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhirkova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Александровна Жиркова, канд. мед. наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отделения острых термических поражений,  </p><p>129090, Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., д. 3.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena A. Zhirkova, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Researcher, Department of Acute Thermal Injury, </p><p>3, Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq., Moscow, 129090. </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zhirkovaea@sklif.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3742-6374</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сачков</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sachkov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексей Владимирович Сачков, канд. мед. наук, заведующий научным отделом острых термических поражений,</p><p>129090, Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., д. 3.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey V. Sachkov, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Scientific Department of Acute Thermal Injury, </p><p>3, Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq., Moscow, 129090. </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sachkovav@sklif.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1051-7663</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рогаль</surname><given-names>М. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rogal</surname><given-names>M. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михаил Леонидович Рогаль, проф., д-р мед. наук, заместитель директора по научной работе, </p><p>129090, Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., д. 3.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail L. Rogal, Prof., Dr. Sci. (Med.), Deputy Director for Science, </p><p>3, Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq., Moscow, 129090. </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rogalml@sklif.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3292-8789</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петриков</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrikov</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Сергеевич Петриков, чл.-корр. РАН, д-р мед. наук, директор; заведующий кафедрой анестезиологии, реаниматологии и неотложной медицины, </p><p>129090, Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., д. 3;</p><p>127006, Москва, Долгоруковская ул., д. 4.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey S. Petrikov, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Director; Head of the Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine, </p><p>3, Bolshaya Sukharevskaya Sq., Moscow, 129090;</p><p>4, Dolgorukovskaya St., Moscow, 127006.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">petrikovss@sklif.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «НИИ скорой помощи им. Н.В. Склифосовского ДЗМ»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «НИИ скорой помощи им. Н.В. Склифосовского ДЗМ»; ФДПО ФГБУ ВО «Российский университет медицины» МЗ РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine; Russian University of Medicine</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>76</fpage><lpage>89</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Спиридонова Т.Г., Жиркова Е.А., Сачков А.В., Рогаль М.Л., Петриков С.С., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Спиридонова Т.Г., Жиркова Е.А., Сачков А.В., Рогаль М.Л., Петриков С.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Spiridonova T.G., Zhirkova E.A., Sachkov A.V., Rogal M.L., Petrikov S.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.jtransplantologiya.ru/jour/article/view/968">https://www.jtransplantologiya.ru/jour/article/view/968</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Пациенты с глубокими ожогами нуждаются в хирургическом лечении, однако сроки и объем оперативных вмешательств до настоящего времени не разработаны.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Проанализировать опыт хирургического лечения глубоких ожогов за рубежом.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Поиск источников литературы проводили с использованием электронных баз PubMed, Scopus, CrossRef за период 1947–2023 гг. В работу включены некоторые ранние базовые публикации по хирургическому лечению глубоких ожогов, однако современное состояние проблемы отражают статьи за последние 20 лет.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Данные зарубежных источников литературы показывают, что в странах с низким уровнем доходов эффективность ранней некрэктомии не подтверждена, что обусловлено отсутствием ожоговых отделений, донорской крови и раневых покрытий. В развитых странах Европы, США, Японии в настоящее время применяется активная хирургическая тактика и является правилом выполнение некрэктомии в первые сутки поступления пациента в стационар. В многочисленных работах авторы утверждают, что результаты ранней некрэктомии и аутодермопластики лучше, чем при отсроченных операциях, но приводимые данные по летальности неоднозначны. Авторы указывают, что на высокую летальность влияют пожилой возраст пациентов, большая площадь глубокого ожога и наличие ингаляционной травмы. При этом для планирования хирургического вмешательства не используют ни один из разработанных прогностических индексов, включающих указанные предикторы неблагоприятного исхода ожоговой травмы.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Patients with deep burns require surgical treatment, but the timing and scope of surgical interventions have not yet been defined.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To analyze the world experience of surgical treatment of deep burns.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The literature sources on the topic were searched for in the electronic databases: PubMed, Scopus, CrossRef for the period from 1947–2023. The work includes some early basic publications on the surgical treatment of deep burns; the current state of the problem has been analyzed in articles over the past 20 years.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Data from foreign literature sources show that in low-income countries, the efficacy of early necrectomy has not been confirmed, which can be attributed to the lack of burn departments, donor blood, wound dressings. In developed countries of Europe, the USA, Japan, active surgical tactics are currently used and it is a rule to perform necrectomy on the first days of the patient's admission at the hospital. In numerous studies, the authors claim that the results of early necrectomy and skin grafting are better than those with delayed operations, but the data on mortality are ambiguous. The authors point out that high mortality is attributed to the elderly age of patients, a larger area of deep burns and the presence of inhalation injury. At the same time, none of the developed prognostic indices that include the above mentioned predictors of a fatal outcome of burn injury have been used for planning a surgical intervention.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ожоги</kwd><kwd>оперативное лечение</kwd><kwd>некрэктомия</kwd><kwd>аутодермопластика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>burns</kwd><kwd>surgical treatment</kwd><kwd>wound excision</kwd><kwd>grafting</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nguyen TT, Gilpin DA, Meyer NA, Herndon DN. Current treatment of severely burned patients. Ann Surg. 1996;223(1):14–25. PMID: 8554414 https://doi.org/10.1097/00000658199601000-00004</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nguyen TT, Gilpin DA, Meyer NA, Herndon DN. Current treatment of severely burned patients. Ann Surg. 1996;223(1):14–25. 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