Experimental model of acute pancreatitis

Background. Among the numerous developed models of experimental pancreatitis, models of acute traumatic pancreatitis are extremely poorly presented in the literature.

Objective. To create a model of experimental acute traumatic pancreatitis caused by crushing a section of pancreatic tissue.

Material and methods. The study material consisted of 80 male Wistar rats weighing 450-500 g. After induction of anesthesia and median laparotomy, acute pancreatitis was induced by crushing a section of the parenchyma with an L-shaped clamp. Two experimental groups were formed: experimental (n=70) and control (intact animals, n=10). In the experimental group, animals of 10 rats were withdrawn from the experiment after 1, 3, 6, 24, 72 hours, 7 days and 14 days from the beginning of the modeling. During these periods, blood was collected for biochemical analysis and pancreatic tissue was collected for morphological examination.

Results. We have demonstrated for the first time the dynamics of laboratory markers of acute pancreatitis and morphological changes in pancreatic tissue both in the daily terms after injury (1, 3, 6, 24 hours) and the first two weeks (72 hours, 7 days and 14 days) from the start of modeling. We have convincingly shown the stages of the pathological process: from early morphological manifestations of the alterative-exudative phase of inflammation on days 1-3, accompanied by daily peak amylase values, up to complete scarring by day 14 against the background of increased lipase activity at the end of the infiltrative-proliferative phase.

Conclusion. The model of experimental acute traumatic pancreatitis allows us to trace all the characteristic stages of the evolution of the pancreatogenic destruction zone with all the typical laboratory and morphological manifestations.

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