Роль экстракорпоральной перфузии легких при трансплантации

Введение. Во всем мире выполняется недостаточно операций по трансплантации легких. Это происходит вследствие малого количества подходящих (идеальных) доноров, отсутствия возможности использовать легкие от доноров, умерших от остановки сердца, невозможносности выполнения данной технически сложной операции в бедных, развивающихся странах и ряда других причин. В различных зарубежных источниках имеются сведения о повышении числа операций по трансплантации легких за счет использования органов от неидеальных (субоптимальных) доноров. Это стало возможным благодаря применению экстракорпоральной нормотермической перфузии донорских легких.

Цель. Демонстрация возможностей в оценке, терапии и восстановлении функции неидеальных (субоптимальных) донорских легких благодаря применению методики экстракорпоральной перфузии донорских легких.

Материал и методы. При написании статьи был произведен анализ научных статей, опубликованных в период с 2003 по 2023 г., на основе баз данных PubMed и Google Scholar по ключевому запросу "ex vivo lung perfusion".

Выводы. Методика перфузии легких ex vivo является перспективной и эффективной процедурой для их оценки, восстановления и терапии во время трансплантации. Стремительное развитие технологий, применяемых в данной методике, позволяет увеличить количество легких, пригодных для трансплантации, снизить количество посттрансплантационных осложнений и показатели смертности в листе ожидания.

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