Малоизученные мишени патогенеза ишемически-реперфузионного повреждения при трансплантации печени

Актуальность. Трансплантация печени в настоящее время является самым эффективным методом лечения заболеваний с терминальной стадией печеночной недостаточности. Осложнения связаны чаще всего с исходно тяжелым состоянием пациента, несовершенством методов консервации органов, с самим оперативным пособием и иммунологическими осложнениями. К числу наиболее распространенных осложнений трансплантации относится ишемически-реперфузионное повреждение, которое, в той или иной степени, возникает в каждом трансплантированном органе и ухудшает течение послеоперационного периода. В основе данного процесса лежат сложные патофизиологические механизмы повреждения клеток, возникшие вследствие ишемии и воспаления, вызванного реперфузией.

Цель. Обобщить современные данные о механизмах развития ишемического реперфузионнного повреждения при трансплантации печени и способах уменьшения неблагоприятных последствий.

Материал и методы. Проведен анализ данных зарубежных и отечественных экспериментальных и клинических исследований, посвященных вопросам патогенеза ишемического реперфузионного повреждения при трансплантации печени. Поиск литературных данных проводился в международных базах данных (PubMed/MedLine, ResearchGate), а также в научной электронной библиотеке России (eLIBRARY.RU) за период 2020–2024 гг.

Заключение. В проанализированных публикациях приводятся различные алгоритмы консервации донорских органов, в том числе с использованием аппаратной перфузии. Заслуживают внимания различные алгоритмы консервации донорских органов, в том числе с использованием аппаратной перфузии.

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